Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW X
Volume 6, Issue 4, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevX.6.041039
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Funding
- European Research Council within the ERC Consolidator Grant RARE [681432]
- Marie Curie Project DIPPHASE of the European Commission [706809]
- DFG [RTG 1729]
- DFG/FWF [FOR 2247]
- Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [Y 479] Funding Source: researchfish
- Marie Curie Actions (MSCA) [706809] Funding Source: Marie Curie Actions (MSCA)
- Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [Y479] Funding Source: Austrian Science Fund (FWF)
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In a joint experimental and theoretical effort, we report on the formation of a macrodroplet state in an ultracold bosonic gas of erbium atoms with strong dipolar interactions. By precise tuning of the s-wave scattering length below the so-called dipolar length, we observe a smooth crossover of the ground state from a dilute Bose-Einstein condensate to a dense macrodroplet state of more than 2 x 10(4) atoms. Based on the study of collective excitations and loss features, we prove that quantum fluctuations stabilize the ultracold gas far beyond the instability threshold imposed by mean-field interactions. Finally, we perform expansion measurements, showing that although self-bound solutions are prevented by losses, the interplay between quantum stabilization and losses results in a minimal time-of-flight expansion velocity at a finite scattering length.
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