Learning as ecosystems: Shifting paradigms for more holistic programming in education and displacement

Summary: Education is seen as a crucial tool for instilling hope in youth to reduce their engagement in violence. However, the relationship between education and hope is complex and not straightforward. Through qualitative cross-national research, we found that education has both positive and negative impacts on hope. This nuanced understanding has important implications for both academic research and practical implications.

Summary: The marketization of higher education is often explained by the weakness of the state or the articulation capacity of business actors, while overlooking the role of other actors in negotiation processes. Peru underwent a radical marketization process in the 1990s, with studies neglecting the organizational capacity and political strategies of public universities. Research shows that public universities in Peru were able to gain autonomy and shape the marketization process through political strategies during this period.