Diagnostic and prognostic value of ferroptosis-related genes in patients with Myelodysplastic neoplasms

Article Hematology

Reduced murine double minute 2 and 4 protein, but not messenger RNA, expression is associated with more severe disease in myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloblastic leukaemia

Norman Salomao et al.

Summary: The expression of MDM2 and MDM4 proteins in bone marrow samples is correlated with patient survival, indicating the need for reevaluation of MDM2 and MDM4 inhibitors in the treatment of advanced myeloid malignancies.

BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY (2023)

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Article Genetics & Heredity

Genome-wide analysis toward the epigenetic aetiology of myelodysplastic syndrome disease progression and pharmacoepigenomic basis of hypomethylating agents drug treatment response

Stavroula Siamoglou et al.

Summary: Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a group of hematological malignancies characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis, cytogenetic abnormalities, and a high risk of transformation to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This study used methylated DNA sequencing (MeD-seq) to identify potential epigenomic targets associated with MDS subtypes. The results identified differentially methylated CpG islands, transcription start sites, and post-transcriptional start sites within the PCDHG and ZNF gene families. These findings provide important insights into the epigenomic component of MDS pathogenesis and the potential for targeted drug treatment.

HUMAN GENOMICS (2023)

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Article Oncology

CD8+ T cells and fatty acids orchestrate tumor ferroptosis and immunity via ACSL4

Peng Liao et al.

Summary: T cell-derived interferon gamma (IFN γ) in combination with arachidonic acid (AA) induces immunogenic tumor ferroptosis, serving as a mechanism for CD8(+) T cell-mediated tumor killing. This process involves IFN γ stimulation of ACSL4 and alteration of tumor cell lipid pattern.

CANCER CELL (2022)

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Article Immunology

Dynamics of PD-1 expression are associated with treatment efficacy and prognosis in patients with intermediate/high-risk myelodysplastic syndromes under hypomethylating treatment

Suxia Geng et al.

Summary: PD-1 expression significantly higher in high-risk MDS patients, and its increase during initial HMA treatment cycles may serve as an independent negative prognostic factor predicting AML transformation and survival. Monitoring PD-1 expression levels during HMA treatment cycles could help identify patients who may benefit from combined therapy with HMA and PD-1 inhibitors.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2022)

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Article Hematology

Genomic profiling for clinical decision making in myeloid neoplasms and acute leukemia

Eric J. Duncavage et al.

Summary: Myeloid neoplasms and acute leukemias are caused by somatic gene mutations that drive the clonal expansion of hematopoietic cells. Genomic characterization plays a crucial role in diagnosis, risk assessment, and clinical decision making. Conventional cytogenetics has been the main method for genomic testing, but recent advances in sequencing technology allow for more accurate detection of somatic mutations. Whole-genome sequencing shows potential as a replacement for traditional methods in patients with myeloid neoplasms, providing rapid and comprehensive genomic profiling.

BLOOD (2022)

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Article Oncology

SF3B1 mutated MDS: Blast count, genetic co-abnormalities and their impact on classification and prognosis

Sandra Huber et al.

Summary: This study found that MDS with mutated SF3B1 and blast count <5% has distinct characteristics in terms of genomic landscape, AML transformation rate, and clinical outcome. Patients who fulfilled the proposed SF3B1 entity criteria had longer survival, lower AML transformation rate, normal karyotypes, and fewer accompanying mutations compared to those who did not meet the criteria. Additionally, del(5q) and RUNX1 mutations were identified as independent negative prognostic factors for overall survival.

LEUKEMIA (2022)

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Article Hematology

Expression and clinical significance of RAG1 in myelodysplastic syndromes

Xiaoke Huang et al.

Summary: This study identified RAG1 as a down-regulated gene in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Lower expression of RAG1 was associated with adverse clinical outcomes and may serve as a potential prognostic biomarker for MDS.

HEMATOLOGY (2022)

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Review Oncology

Targeting ferroptosis as a vulnerability in cancer

Guang Lei et al.

Summary: This article provides an overview of the importance and potential of ferroptosis in cancer research, summarizes the mechanisms of ferroptosis induction and defense, analyzes its roles and mechanisms in tumor suppression and tumor immunity, and explores therapeutic strategies targeting ferroptosis in cancer.

NATURE REVIEWS CANCER (2022)

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Review Hematology

Therapeutic strategies in low and high-risk MDS: What does the future have to offer?

Emilia Scalzulli et al.

Summary: Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a group of myeloid disorders with increased risk of acute leukemia transformation. Treatment of MDS is based on risk stratification, aiming to improve patients' quality of life and survival. New drugs are being developed based on molecular and immunological pathways for personalized therapy in the future.

BLOOD REVIEWS (2021)

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Review Hematology

Current and emerging strategies for management of myelodysplastic syndromes

Caner Saygin et al.

Summary: Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are hematopoietic disorders characterized by ineffective blood cell production, with treatment strategies focusing on improving quality of life for lower-risk MDS and extending survival for higher-risk MDS. Several promising drugs are currently being investigated for MDS treatment.

BLOOD REVIEWS (2021)

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Article Oncology

Characteristics of macrophages from myelodysplastic syndrome microenvironment

Feifei Yang et al.

Summary: This study investigated the characteristics and phenotypic evolution of macrophages from patients with MDS, revealing that MDS macrophages exhibit more M2-related characteristics and that ferric chloride can polarize them to display more M1-related characteristics, which can be partially reversed by iron chelation with DFO.

EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH (2021)

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Review Cell Biology

Ferroptosis: mechanisms, biology and role in disease

Xuejun Jiang et al.

Summary: Ferroptosis, as a form of regulated cell death driven by iron-dependent phospholipid peroxidation, has seen significant growth in research in recent years. Studies have focused on molecular mechanisms, regulation, and functions of ferroptosis, linking this cell death modality to various pathologies and proposing its roles in normal physiology and potential therapeutic targeting.

NATURE REVIEWS MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Oncology

Myelodysplastic syndromes: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up

P. Fenaux et al.

ANNALS OF ONCOLOGY (2021)

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Review Immunology

Innate immune pathways and inflammation in hematopoietic aging, clonal hematopoiesis, and MDS

Jennifer J. Trowbridge et al.

Summary: The aging population requires new therapeutic strategies to improve hematopoietic aging disorders; dysregulation of innate immune and inflammatory signaling leads to competitive advantage and clonal dominance; emerging concepts will reveal critical biology and therapeutic opportunities.

JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Cell Biology

The glutathione peroxidase Gpx4 prevents lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis to sustain Treg cell activation and suppression of antitumor immunity

Chengxian Xu et al.

Summary: Research shows that Gpx4 plays a crucial role in protecting Treg cells from lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis, regulating immune homeostasis and antitumor immunity. Deletion of Gpx4 can lead to lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis of Treg cells, affecting immune homeostasis and antitumor immunity. Neutralization of lipid peroxides and blockade of iron availability rescue ferroptosis of Gpx4-deficient Treg cells.

CELL REPORTS (2021)

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Review Oncology