4.7 Article

Vortex clustering in trapped Bose-Einstein condensates

Journal

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
Volume 13, Issue 1, Pages -

Publisher

NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46549-3

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We numerically study the formation of vortex clusters in trapped Bose-Einstein condensates where vortices are initially imprinted in a line. We show that such a system exhibits a rich phenomenology depending on the distance at which the vortices are imprinted and their number. Our work sets the stage for possible experimental implementations where the formation of vortex clusters and more exotic bound states of vortices could be observed.
We numerically study the formation of vortex clusters in trapped Bose-Einstein condensates where vortices are initially imprinted in a line. We show that such a system exhibits a rich phenomenology depending on the distance at which the vortices are imprinted and their number. In particular we observe that it is possible to obtain systems of twin vortex clusters, twin vortex clusters with orbiting satellite vortices, and triplets of clusters. By using a clustering algorithm we are able to quantitatively describe the formation and dynamics of the clusters. We finally utilise an analytical model to determine the range of parameters for which the clustering occurs. Our work sets the stage for possible experimental implementations where the formation of vortex clusters and more exotic bound states of vortices could be observed.

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