3.8 Article

Examining Rates of Traumatic Events and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms Among Autistic Adults

Related references

Note: Only part of the references are listed.
Article Psychology, Developmental

[I] don't wanna just be like a cog in the machine: Narratives of autism and skilled employment

Dora M. Raymaker et al.

Summary: Autistic individuals experience disparities in skilled employment and little is known about their experiences or definitions of success in such employment. A community-based participatory research approach was used to conduct interviews with 45 autistic individuals, 11 supervisors, and 8 key informants. Themes included disclosure, unconventional career pathways, disconnects with support systems, mental health challenges, autistic advantages, and discrimination. Success was defined as growth, work-life balance, financial independence, community, and meaningful work. A holistic approach considering supervisors and mental health may improve outcomes in autism employment interventions.

AUTISM (2023)

Review Psychology, Developmental

A Systematic Review of Sexual Violence Among Autistic Individuals

Janey E. Dike et al.

Summary: This study systematically reviewed the literature on sexual violence among individuals with autism, including prevalence rates, assessment approaches, outcomes, as well as risk and protective factors. The study found that rates of sexual violence were higher in autistic individuals compared to non-autistic peers, particularly among adults. Autistic girls and women were found to be at increased risk. The study also revealed that autistic individuals experience similar trauma outcomes to non-autistic peers, with some specific risk factors emerging in the autistic population. Further research is needed to include more diverse samples of autistic individuals, assess trauma outcomes, and develop interventions to address sexual violence.

REVIEW JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS (2023)

Article Psychology, Developmental

'I felt like I deserved it because I was autistic': Understanding the impact of interpersonal victimisation in the lives of autistic people

Amy Pearson et al.

Summary: Research suggests that interpersonal violence and victimisation are common among autistic adults and contribute to poor mental health outcomes. This study aimed to examine the impact of interpersonal violence and victimisation on autistic adults and explore factors that facilitate or hinder their recovery. The findings highlight the importance of addressing the relationship between stigma and victimisation, as well as the relationship between trauma, masking, and burnout in autistic individuals.

AUTISM (2023)

Article Psychology, Developmental

Item Understanding of Common Quality of Life Measures for use with Autistic Adults

Kelly B. B. Beck et al.

Summary: This study focused on evaluating the interpretation and perception of commonly used subjective quality of life (QOL) scales by autistic adults. Cognitive interviews and repeated sampling were used to assess the accessibility, test-retest reliability, and internal consistency of the measures. The Satisfaction with Life Scale showed excellent understanding, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability. The WHOQoL-BREF and WHOQoL Disability Modules had adequate reliability, but additional instructions and examples would enhance their accessibility for autistic adults.

JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS (2023)

Article Psychology, Developmental

The comorbidity between autism spectrum disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder is mediated by brooding rumination

Ofer Golan et al.

Summary: Autism spectrum disorder is associated with increased post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms, with brooding rumination playing a mediating role between the two. Individuals with autism spectrum disorder are more likely to experience post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms and higher levels of brooding rumination when compared to typically developing controls.

AUTISM (2022)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Comparison of Prolonged Exposure vs Cognitive Processing Therapy for Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Among US Veterans A Randomized Clinical Trial

Paula P. Schnurr et al.

Summary: This randomized clinical trial compared the effectiveness of prolonged exposure (PE) and cognitive processing therapy (CPT) for treating PTSD in veterans. The study found that while PE was statistically more effective than CPT, the difference was not clinically significant, and both treatments showed meaningful improvements in PTSD.

JAMA NETWORK OPEN (2022)

Article Psychology, Developmental

Exploring potential sources of childhood trauma: A qualitative study with autistic adults and caregivers

Connor M. Kerns et al.

Summary: The stressors and traumatic experiences of autistic individuals may differ from those of non-autistic individuals. This qualitative study identified potential sources of trauma for autistic individuals and evaluated their correspondence with a standard measure. The findings revealed a wide range of traumatic experiences, including traditional traumas, social marginalization, and conflicts between autistic characteristics and the environment. Importantly, these sources of trauma were not captured by standardized measures, highlighting the need for better assessment of traumatic events in the autistic population.

AUTISM (2022)

Article Psychology, Clinical

Examining the psychometric properties of the PCL-5 in a black community sample using item response theory

Yara Mekawi et al.

Summary: Black Americans are more likely to be exposed to traumatic events and develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, the psychometric properties of the commonly used PTSD assessment tool, the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5), have not been studied among Black Americans. This study used item response theory to examine the difficulty and discrimination of each item in the PCL-5 among a sample of Black American adults. The results highlight the importance of certain symptoms, such as flashbacks, inability to experience positive emotions, and nightmares, while de-emphasizing the importance of hypervigilance and sleep difficulties in assessing clinically significant PTSD symptoms in Black Americans.

JOURNAL OF ANXIETY DISORDERS (2022)

Article Psychology, Developmental

'It's being a part of a grand tradition, a grand counter-culture which involves communities': A qualitative investigation of autistic community connectedness

Monique Botha et al.

Summary: Autistic people find it easier to socialize and communicate with each other. Despite the stereotype of autism being associated with lack of social motivation, the existence of an autistic community has been briefly mentioned in literature but not well understood. Connectedness to the autistic community may contribute to the well-being of autistic people.

AUTISM (2022)

Review Psychology, Developmental

Intersectionality Within Critical Autism Studies: A Narrative Review

Nathan Mallipeddi et al.

Summary: This narrative review examines the role of intersectionality in critical autism studies. It highlights the importance of intersectional frameworks in understanding the diverse experiences of marginalized communities. The review identifies key themes such as the explicit, implicit, and descriptive approaches to intersectionality, racial and gender biases within critical autism studies, and the multidisciplinary nature of intersectionality and critical autism studies. Recommendations are provided for future research to better address the experiences of individuals with autism, particularly those from racial, gender, and sexual minority backgrounds.

AUTISM IN ADULTHOOD (2022)

Article Psychology, Developmental

Brief Report: Does Autistic Community Connectedness Moderate the Relationship Between Masking and Wellbeing?

Eilidh Cage et al.

Summary: This study examined the potential moderating effect of autistic community connectedness (ACC) on the relationship between masking and wellbeing in autistic individuals. While higher ACC was associated with improved mental wellbeing, it did not moderate the negative effects of masking on wellbeing.

AUTISM IN ADULTHOOD (2022)

Article Psychology, Developmental

This Was Just How This Friendship Worked: Experiences of Interpersonal Victimization Among Autistic Adults

Amy Pearson et al.

Summary: This study aimed to explore experiences of interpersonal victimization among autistic adults. The findings revealed that autistic adults often experience repeated victimization from close others and struggle to recognize abusive behavior. The study highlights the importance of providing support for autistic adults to recognize and advocate for their own boundaries, as well as helping them understand what a healthy relationship looks like.

AUTISM IN ADULTHOOD (2022)

Article Psychology, Developmental

The Rising Tide of Gerontautism

David Mason et al.

Summary: Research on autism in older age has been limited, but has been increasing since 2012, with a focus on cognition, brain, and genetics. Older adult research accounted for only 0.4% of published autism studies over the past decade.

AUTISM IN ADULTHOOD (2022)

Article Behavioral Sciences

Factors associated with age at autism diagnosis in a community sample of Australian adults

Yunhe Huang et al.

Summary: The study aimed to examine predictors of autism diagnosis age in adults and found that older current age and higher self-reported autistic traits predicted older diagnosis age. Factors such as female gender, lack of intellectual disability, language other than English were also found to predict older diagnosis age beyond current age and autistic traits. Strategies to improve autism recognition in women and people from non-English-speaking backgrounds were recommended based on the findings.

AUTISM RESEARCH (2021)

Article Criminology & Penology

Trauma Symptoms Resulting From Sexual Violence Among Undergraduate Students: Differences Across Gender and Sexual Minority Status

Genevieve Paquette et al.

Summary: Experiencing sexual violence is a significant risk factor for trauma symptoms, especially among gender and sexual minority university students. Gender minority students show higher levels of trauma symptoms after experiencing sexual violence compared to their cisgender peers, while sexual minority identity is associated with higher trauma symptoms in cisgender women but not men. Services tailored to the specific needs of these populations may be necessary to address the negative psychological consequences of sexual violence.

JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE (2021)

Article Psychology, Clinical

Lifetime and Perceived Stress, Social Support, Loneliness, and Health in Autistic Adults

Rachel L. Moseley et al.

Summary: Autistic individuals experience more lifetime stressors, and the impact on their physical and mental health is mediated by perceived stressor severity. Additionally, loneliness and low social support are associated with a greater negative impact of lifetime stress exposure on mental health.

HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY (2021)

Article Psychology, Developmental

Interpersonal Trauma and Posttraumatic Stress in Autistic Adults

Katherine E. Reuben et al.

Summary: Many autistic adults experience interpersonal traumas like sexual assault, leading to posttraumatic stress disorder. The study found that autistic cisgender women and gender minorities are more likely to experience sexual traumas and meet the criteria for PTSD. Increased screening for trauma history and posttraumatic symptoms is recommended for all autistic adults.

AUTISM IN ADULTHOOD (2021)

Article Education, Special

Heightened risk of posttraumatic stress disorder in adults with autism spectrum disorder: The role of cumulative trauma and memory deficits

Freya Rumball et al.

Summary: Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are more susceptible to trauma exposure and PTSD, with deficits in working memory and everyday memory mediating the association between trauma exposure and PTSD severity in ASD adults. Cumulative trauma exposure has a significant impact on PTSD symptom severity specifically in the ASD group. Routine screening for trauma and PTSD in ASD adults is important, and longitudinal research on the role of cumulative trauma exposure and memory deficits in increasing PTSD risk is needed.

RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES (2021)

Review Psychology, Developmental

A Systematic Review of the Perceived Barriers and Facilitators to Accessing Psychological Treatment for Mental Health Problems in Individuals on the Autism Spectrum

Dawn Adams et al.

Summary: High rates of mental health issues are experienced by individuals on the autism spectrum. While psychological therapies show promising effects, barriers such as therapist's lack of knowledge or expertise in autism hinder access. Few studies focus on facilitators, highlighting the need to tailor approaches for individuals with autism to improve access to mental health services.

REVIEW JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS (2021)

Review Psychology, Clinical

An Exploratory Review of the Associations between Adverse Experiences and Autism

Robin L. Dodds

Summary: Research shows that individuals with ASD are more likely to have multiple adverse childhood experiences than neurotypical peers. Trauma may have cumulative lifelong and intergenerational impacts on individuals with ASD and their families. Treatment recommendations and adaptations for this population are still in speculative stages and require further development and evaluation.

JOURNAL OF AGGRESSION MALTREATMENT & TRAUMA (2021)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Effects of cumulative trauma load on long-term trajectories of life satisfaction and health in a population-based study

Livia Sacchi et al.

BMC PUBLIC HEALTH (2020)

Article Psychology, Developmental

National and State Estimates of Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Patricia M. Dietz et al.

JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS (2020)

Review Psychology, Developmental

Diagnosis of autism in adulthood: A scoping review

Yunhe Huang et al.

AUTISM (2020)

Article Psychology, Developmental

Child maltreatment in autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability: results from a population-based sample

Christina G. McDonnell et al.

JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY (2019)

Review Psychology, Developmental

Healthcare Providers' Experiences with Autism: A Scoping Review

Rae Morris et al.

JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS (2019)

Review Education, Special

Identification of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Intellectual Disability: A Systematic Review

Arvid Nikolai Kildahl et al.

JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES (2019)

Review Psychology, Developmental

A Systematic Review of the Assessment and Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders

Freya Rumball

REVIEW JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS (2019)

Article Psychology, Developmental

Gender Identity in Autism: Sex Differences in Social Affiliation with Gender Groups

Kate Cooper et al.

JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS (2018)

Article Business, Finance

Prolific.ac-A subject pool for online experiments

Stefan Palan et al.

JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL AND EXPERIMENTAL FINANCE (2018)

Review Psychology, Applied

A Systematic Review of the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL)

Rachel Bressler et al.

JOURNAL OF COUNSELING AND DEVELOPMENT (2018)

Review Psychology, Multidisciplinary

Recent developments in understanding ethnocultural and race differences in trauma exposure and PTSD

Anu Asnaani et al.

CURRENT OPINION IN PSYCHOLOGY (2017)

Article Psychology, Social

Beyond the Turk: Alternative platforms for crowdsourcing behavioral research

Eyal Peer et al.

JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY (2017)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Socio-economic status and co-morbidity as risk factors for trauma

Olof Brattstrom et al.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY (2015)

Article Psychology, Clinical

The Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5): Development and Initial Psychometric Evaluation

Christy A. Blevins et al.

JOURNAL OF TRAUMATIC STRESS (2015)

Article Psychology, Clinical

The one size fits all'' approach to trauma treatment: should we be satisfied?

Marylene Cloitre

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOTRAUMATOLOGY (2015)

Article Psychology, Developmental

Time Trends Over 16 Years in Incidence-Rates of Autism Spectrum Disorders Across the Lifespan Based on Nationwide Danish Register Data

Christina Mohr Jensen et al.

JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS (2014)

Article Psychology, Developmental

The Construction and Validation of an Abridged Version of the Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ-Short)

Rosa A. Hoekstra et al.

JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS (2011)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Pervasive Trauma Exposure Among US Sexual Orientation Minority Adults and Risk of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Andrea L. Roberts et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH (2010)

Article Psychiatry

Social support and resilience to stress across the life span: A neurobiologic framework

Fatih Ozbay et al.

Current Psychiatry Reports (2008)

Review Psychology, Clinical

Posttraumatic stress disorder among ethnoracial minorities in the United States

Nnamdi Pole et al.

CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY-SCIENCE AND PRACTICE (2008)

Article Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications

Sensitivity of goodness of fit indexes to lack of measurement invariance

Fang Fang Chen

STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING-A MULTIDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL (2007)

Article Psychology, Clinical

Psychometric properties of the life events checklist

MJ Gray et al.

ASSESSMENT (2004)

Article Psychology, Clinical

Beyond the manual: The insider's guide to prolonged exposure therapy for PTSD

EA Hembree et al.

COGNITIVE AND BEHAVIORAL PRACTICE (2003)