Journal
PROGRESS IN ORGANIC COATINGS
Volume 186, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
DOI: 10.1016/j.porgcoat.2023.108081
Keywords
Polyurethane; Organophosphorus flame retardant; Flame retardancy; Mechanical properties; pi-pi interaction; Castor oil
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A novel phosphorus-based flame retardant was designed by incorporating aryl groups, which effectively improved the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of polyurethanes.
Fire safety of polyurethanes (PUs) has limited their further practical applications. To address this problem, we designed novel phosphorus-based flame retardants (P-FR) by incorporating aryl (Ar) groups via Kabachnik-Fields reaction, realizing pi-pi interaction-reinforced Ar2 and Ar5. Total heat release and peak heat release rate of PU/Ar5, whose flame-retardancy-index of 5.02 due to reduced combustion time, decreased 23.24 and 9.23 %, respectively, compared with neat PU. Moreover, UL94 rating for PU/Ar5 was improved from V-2 to V-0. These results demonstrate that Ar5 effectively generate a barrier effect that blocks oxygen, fuel, and heat. Sluggish mobility and phase transition are responsible for such enhancement due to a delay effect with the existence of pi-pi interactions and steric hindrance. Encouragingly, tensile strength and toughness of PU/Ar5 were greatly improved by 1345.8 and 670.3 %, respectively, compared with neat PU. We believe that this study could provide a promising method for introducing specific function to flame retardants to enhance fire safety and mechanical properties of composites.
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