How does land use change affect the methane emission of soil in the Eastern Amazon?

Methane emissions (CH4) from the soil increase according to changes made in forest soils and adverse edaphoclimatic factors. Soil temperature and nutrients will impact the activity of microorganisms, depending on land use. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impacts of land use, temperature, and nitrogen application on CH4 emissions from soils within the Amazon region. Three experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design. Each experiment consisted of five replicates to measure CH4 emissions. The variables examined in these experiments were: 1) three distinct land uses (forest, pasture, or agriculture; 2) soil temperatures (25, 30, 35, or 40 degrees C); and 3) input of nitrogen to the soil (0, 90, 180, or 270 kg of N ha(-1)). In this study, the highest emissions occurred in pasture soils, with values of 470 mu g of CH4 g(-1) of dry soil, while forest and agricultural soils suffer the effects of CH4 oxidation. Temperature is a factor that contributes to CH4 emissions, and temperatures above 30 degrees C tended to reduce gas emissions in the systems studied, since the highest emission was observed in pasture soil kept at 25 degrees C (similar to 1,130 mu g of CH4 g(-1) of dry soil). Nitrogen fertilization in pasture soils reduces CH4 emitted nearly 140% as the dose increased. As a result, the pasture soils tended to emit higher concentrations of CH4 into the atmosphere. However, reducing these emissions from the pasture management employed is possible.

Automated summary

Land use, temperature, and nitrogen application have significant impacts on CH4 emissions from soils in the Amazon region. Pasture soils have the highest emissions, while forest and agricultural soils are affected by CH4 oxidation. Temperature and nitrogen fertilization both affect CH4 emissions, with higher temperatures and nitrogen input leading to increased concentrations of CH4 emissions.