Catalytic and Chemodivergent Synthesis of 1-Substituted 9H-Pyrrolo[1,2-a]indoles via Annulation of β-CF3 Enones with 3-Substituted Indoles

Chemodivergent reactions are more advantageous in organic synthesis that yield diversely functionalized scaffolds from common starting materials. Herein, we report an efficient metal-free chemodivergent protocol for the synthesis of 1substituted 9H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]indole derivatives in the presence of catalytic amounts of Lewis acid/Bri nsted acid conditions using 3-substituted indoles and fi-trifluoromethyl-a,fi-unsaturated ketones. Fine-tuning of the catalyst and solvent system in the reaction conditions deliver the trifluoromethyl, trifluoroethylcarboxylate, or carboxylic acid substituents on the C1-position of 9H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]indole derivatives in situ. It is postulated that the solvent and LA/BA catalyst interaction was found to be crucial for the catalytic C-F activation in these transformations.

Automated summary

In this study, an efficient metal-free chemodivergent protocol for the synthesis of 1-substituted 9H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]indole derivatives was reported. By fine-tuning the catalyst and solvent system, trifluoromethyl, trifluoroethylcarboxylate, or carboxylic acid substituents can be introduced on the C1-position of these derivatives. The solvent and catalyst interaction were found to be crucial for the catalytic C-F activation in these transformations.