4.6 Article

Intuitions are never used as evidence in ethics

Journal

SYNTHESE
Volume 201, Issue 2, Pages -

Publisher

SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11229-022-04031-z

Keywords

Intuitions; Evidence; Metaphilosophy; Philosophical methodology; Reflective equilibrium; Method of cases

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In ethics, intuitions are often used as standard means of justification, but the typical understanding of this practice, called descriptive evidentialism, is false. The author argues that regardless of how intuitions are interpreted, they are not to be treated as evidence of their propositional contents. However, ethicists do rely on intuitions for various purposes, such as clarification, persuasion, discovery, or support, but these claims should be distinguished from the prevalent dogma.
One can often hear that intuitions are standardly appealed to, relied on, accounted for, or used as evidence in ethics. How should we interpret these claims? I argue that the typical understanding is what Bernard Molyneux calls descriptive evidentialism: the idea that intuition-states are treated as evidence of their propositional contents in the context of justification. I then argue that descriptive evidentialism is false- on any account of what intuitions are. That said, I admit that ethicists frequently rely on intuitions to clarify, persuade, discover, or to support things other than the intuitions' contents. The contents of intuitions are also commonly used as starting premises of philosophical arguments. However claims about these practices need to be sharply distinguished from the prevalent dogma.

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