Double-diffusive convection: Flow of nanofluid of variable heat capacity inside rectangular and inclined walls

Double-diffusive convection has been investigated in the flow of nanofluid of variable heat capacity, whereas the flow is maintained inside rectangular and inclined walls. The effective transport of heat in many engineering systems is ensured by considering the appropriate and suitable geometrical structure of such systems and the types of coolant used for those purposes. Therefore, these two key features have been the focus of this investigation. The well-known Buongiorno model is taken for the flow of nanofluid of variable heat capacity, whereas the fluid flow model is simulated for the upper half channel only. The governing partial differential equations are simplified and converted into a system of ordinary differential equations. The nature and behaviour of velocity, temperature and concentration (nanoparticles) profiles have been studied and analysed inside a converging-diverging channel in the presence of assisting and opposing flow cases with variation of heat capacity and thermal conductivity of nanomaterial in the base (host) fluid. Moreover, linear, nonlinear, uniform, increasing, decreasing and asymptotic nature of the field variables (velocity, temperature and concentration functions) has been found in the presence of existing parameters, whereas, the three quantities of physical interest i.e. pressure, skin friction and rates of heat and mass transfer have been determined at the upper wall of the channel against the different parameters, involved in the problem.CO 2022 THE AUTHORS. Published by Elsevier BV on behalf of Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

Automated summary

Double-diffusive convection in nanofluid flow with variable heat capacity is investigated in rectangular and inclined walls. The focus is on the appropriate geometrical structure and coolant types to ensure effective heat transport in engineering systems. The well-known Buongiorno model is used and the flow is simulated in the upper half channel. The velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles are studied in the presence of different parameters, and the pressure, skin friction, and rates of heat and mass transfer are determined against these parameters at the upper wall of the channel.