Pan-targeted quantification of deep and comprehensive cancer serum proteome improves cancer detection

Serum/plasma proteome analysis can monitor physiological and pathological changes in the human population. In addition to the proteins secreted by tissues, the common blood proteins, including some inherently high-abundance proteins, also play an important role in the process of the physiological process of organisms. Herein, we establish a Common Serum Protein Database (1090 proteins and 1727 peptides) and integrate it with the Cancer Serum Atlas () we built before to construct the deep and comprehensive cancer serum protein atlas (DCCSP Atlas). This atlas contains over 2700 proteins with targeted mass spectrometry assays and spectra of corresponding unique peptides. We simultaneously targeted 539 proteins in 29 sera of two hardly distinguishable cancer types (breast and lung) and non-tumor controls using the DCCSP Atlas and the pan-targeted proteomic strategy. Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve exceeded 0.96 for cancer detection and classification. The DCCSP Atlas will enable the pan-targeting of common serum proteins and cancer-secreted proteins to improve the sensitivity and specificity of proteomics-based multi-cancer detection and classification.

Automated summary

Serum/plasma proteome analysis is important for monitoring physiological and pathological changes in the human population. A established Common Serum Protein Database has been integrated with the Cancer Serum Atlas to create the comprehensive cancer serum protein atlas (DCCSP Atlas). This atlas enables the targeting of common serum proteins and cancer-secreted proteins, improving the sensitivity and specificity of multi-cancer detection and classification.