Equilibrium between energies involving mass and energies not involving mass in terms of atoms

All matter exists, occupying a space with different density from its interior, and all mass exists, with its space being measured from the exterior. Accordingly, even in the simplest monatom, the energies of its interior and exterior must be balanced on a boundary along the interface. The atom can be considered as the end product of stored energy from a bottom-up perspective, and also as the final product of a split material from a top-down view. This fact implies that the maximum spatial energy of an atom coincides with its minimum mass energy through some examples based on thermodynamics.

Automated summary

All matter exists in space with different density, and its energy must be balanced between the interior and exterior. An atom is the result of stored energy and material split, which corresponds to the maximum spatial energy and minimum mass energy. This relation is demonstrated through thermodynamic examples.