Contrasting pseudocriticality in the classical two-dimensional Heisenberg and RP2 models: Zero-temperature phase transition versus finite-temperature crossover

Tensor-network methods are used to perform a comparative study of the two-dimensional classical Heisenberg and RP2 models. We demonstrate that uniform matrix product states (MPSs) with explicit SO(3) symmetry can probe correlation lengths up to O(103) sites accurately, and we study the scaling of entanglement entropy and universal features of MPS entanglement spectra. For the Heisenberg model, we find no signs of a finite -temperature phase transition, supporting the scenario of asymptotic freedom. For the RP2 model we observe an abrupt onset of scaling behavior, consistent with hints of a finite-temperature phase transition reported in previous studies. A careful analysis of the softening of the correlation length divergence, the scaling of the entanglement entropy, and the MPS entanglement spectra shows that our results are inconsistent with true criticality, but are rather in agreement with the scenario of a crossover to a pseudocritical region which exhibits strong signatures of nematic quasi-long-range order at length scales below the true correlation length. Our results reveal a fundamental difference in scaling behavior between the Heisenberg and RP2 models: Whereas the emergence of scaling in the former shifts to zero temperature if the bond dimension is increased, it occurs at a finite bond-dimension independent crossover temperature in the latter.

Automated summary

Tensor-network methods are used to compare the scaling behavior of the two-dimensional classical Heisenberg and RP2 models. The study shows that uniform matrix product states with explicit SO(3) symmetry can accurately probe long correlation lengths. The results reveal fundamental differences in scaling behavior between the two models.