Role of Echocardiography in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: From Mechanisms to Clinical Practice

It has been well established that diabetes mellitus (DM) is considered as a core risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases. However, what is less appreciated is the fact that DM may affect cardiac function irrespective of cardiac pathologies to which it contributes, such as coronary artery disease and hypertension. Although echocardiography provides accurate and reproducible diagnostic and prognostic data in patients with DM, its use in these patients is still underappreciated, resulting in progression of DM-related heart failure in many patients. Hence, in the present review, we aimed to discuss the role of echocardiography in the contemporary management of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), as well as the role of emerging echocardiographic techniques, which may contribute to earlier diagnosis and more appropriate management of this complication of DM. In order to improve outcomes, focus must be placed on early diagnosis of this condition using a combination of echocardiography and emerging biomarkers, but perhaps the more important thing is to change perspective when it comes to the clinical importance of DCM.

Automated summary

Diabetes mellitus is a well-established risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and can also impact cardiac function independent of other heart pathologies. However, the use of echocardiography in patients with diabetes is often underappreciated, leading to worsening of diabetes-related heart failure. This review aims to discuss the role of echocardiography in managing diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) and the potential of emerging echocardiographic techniques for earlier diagnosis and more effective management of this complication.