☆ 4.8 Review

Key components and design strategy of the membrane electrode assembly for alkaline water electrolysis

ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE (2023)

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Sulfonate-functionalized polybenzimidazole as ion-solvating membrane toward high-performance alkaline water electrolysis

Xu Hu et al.

Summary: Polybenzimidazole (PBI)-based ion-solvating membranes (ISM) with sulfonate-grafted poly (2,2'-(1,4-naphthalene)-5,5 '-benzimidazole) (NPBI) were designed and evaluated for alkaline water electrolysis (AWE). The introduction of sulfonate side chains enhanced the absorption of KOH, increased hydroxide conductivity, and reduced H-2 permeability. The modified membrane showed good stability and higher AWE performance compared to the unmodified membrane.

JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Engineering, Chemical

High-performance anion exchange membranes achieved by crosslinking two aryl ether-free polymers: poly(bibenzyl N-methyl piperidine) and SEBS

Kyungwhan Min et al.

Summary: Crosslinked PBB-SEBS membranes were prepared and showed high mechanical properties, excellent ion-conduction performance, and stability in alkaline and oxidative environments. The membranes exhibited high elongation at break, high Young's modulus, and high ionic conductivity. In AEM fuel cell and water electrolysis tests, the membranes demonstrated good performance.

JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Probing the effect of ionomer swelling on the stability of anion exchange membrane water electrolyzers

Binyu Chen et al.

Summary: Anion exchange membrane water electrolyzers (AEMWEs) are potential for green hydrogen production. A study found that using 1M KOH electrolyte at 60℃ and coating the membrane with a HMT-PMBI catalyst can improve the stability of the electrolyzer. Reducing the KOH concentration or using pure water decreases the voltage stability, possibly due to increased swelling. Introducing a crosslinked derivative of the HMT-PMBI membrane reduces swelling and enhances the stability of the system.

JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Overall Design of Anode with Gradient Ordered Structure with Low Iridium Loading for Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis

Shu Dong et al.

Summary: This study proposes an ordered membrane electrode assembly (MEA) with a 3D membrane/catalytic layer (CL) interface and gradient tapered arrays prepared by the nanoimprinting method. Compared to the conventional MEA, this ordered structure greatly increases the electrochemical active area and decreases the overpotentials of mass transport and ohmic polarization, resulting in high performance and good stability.

NANO LETTERS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Composition-Dependent Morphology, Structure, and Catalytical Performance of Nickel-Iron Layered Double Hydroxide as Highly-Efficient and Stable Anode Catalyst in Anion Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis

Wulyu Jiang et al.

Summary: This study focuses on the development of highly efficient electrocatalysts for water splitting to produce hydrogen. The researchers found that NiFe layered double hydroxides with tunable composition exhibit higher activity and better stability. The study provides insights into the relationship between composition and electrocatalytic performance, offering a scalable and efficient strategy for developing promising catalysts.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Anode Catalysts in Anion-Exchange-Membrane Electrolysis without Supporting Electrolyte: Conductivity, Dynamics, and Ionomer Degradation

Raina A. Krivina et al.

Summary: Anion-exchange-membrane water electrolyzers operate without soluble electrolyte using earth-abundant catalysts to lower the cost of green H-2. However, the lack of competitive performance and durability due to a poor understanding of catalyst-specific degradation processes remains a critical issue. This study investigates non-PGM anode catalysts in AEMWEs, revealing that catalyst electrical conductivity and restructuring during operation are key factors in achieving high performance and stability. The results also highlight the dynamic catalytic processes leading to AEMWE device failure, demonstrate a viable non-PGM catalyst for operation, and provide design rules for improving performance and durability.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Energy & Fuels

Self-Supporting NiFe Layered Double Hydroxide Nanoflower Cluster Anode Electrode for an Efficient Alkaline Anion Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzer

Dandan Guo et al.

Summary: In this study, a self-supporting NiFe LDHs nanoflower cluster OER electrode was synthesized by a one-step impregnation method, showing excellent activity and stability in a three-electrode system and as the anode of AEMWE. The electrode exhibited special morphological structure that facilitated active site exposure and mass transfer under high current density. The experimental results demonstrate the electrode's advantages of good activity and low cost, making it promising for industrial application.

ENERGIES (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Oriented intergrowth of the catalyst layer in membrane electrode assembly for alkaline water electrolysis

Lei Wan et al.

Summary: This study presents a novel design of an all-in-one membrane electrode assembly, which enables the oriented growth of ordered catalyst layers using a porous membrane and solvothermal methods. The designed assembly exhibits high current density and energy efficiency, demonstrating the prospects of all-in-one membrane electrode assemblies in alkaline water electrolysis.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Energy requirements and carbon emissions for a low-carbon energy transition

Aljosa Slamersak et al.

Summary: Achieving the Paris Agreement requires massive deployment of low-carbon energy, but the transition itself may consume energy and result in substantial carbon emissions. Research finds that the transition will decrease the available net energy and increase the carbon emissions from the energy system.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

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Article Energy & Fuels

Effect of pore structures in nickel-based porous transport layers for high-performance and durable anion-exchange membrane water electrolysis

Ji Eun Park et al.

Summary: The investigation focused on the impact of different pore structures in nickel-based porous transport layers (PTLs) on the performance of anion-exchange membrane water electrolysis (AEMWE). The optimized Ni-foam and Ni-felt PTLs exhibited superior performance and durability compared to the conventional Ti-felt. The application of Ni-foam as an anode PTL resulted in higher performance, attributed to its interconnected pore structure reducing mass transfer resistance.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Impact of Catalyst Reconstruction on the Durability of Anion Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis

Chong Lei et al.

Summary: The stability of AEMWE under different anolytes was compared, and it was found that changes in local pH are the main factor causing the loss of cell performance in pure water-fed mode. By using a phosphate buffer to control the local pH, highly durable pure water-fed AEMWE can be achieved.

ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Heterostructure engineering of iridium species on nickel/molybdenum nitride for highly-efficient anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer

Huijie Wang et al.

Summary: This study successfully developed a novel catalyst for water electrolysis systems, which exhibits high activity and bifunctional characteristics, presenting excellent reaction kinetics in both hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution reactions. By applying this catalyst to anion-exchange membrane water electrolyzers, superior performance was achieved.

JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Engineering, Chemical

Poly(terphenyl piperidinium) containing hydrophilic crown ether units in main chains as anion exchange membranes for alkaline fuel cells and water electrolysers

Xin Wang et al.

Summary: Poly(arylene piperidinium) polymers with hydrophilic crown ether units were synthesized and showed improved hydroxide conductivity and stability, making them promising materials for AEM-based electrochemical devices.

JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Optimization of the membrane electrode assembly for an alkaline water electrolyser based on the catalyst-coated membrane

Michaela Plevova et al.

Summary: This study focuses on the preparation and characterization of catalyst-coated membranes for an alkaline water electrolysis process. Non-PGM catalysts were used on both sides of the membrane, and the optimal catalyst-to-binder ratio was identified. The resulting membrane electrode assembly showed high stability and performance under typical alkaline water electrolysis conditions.

JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Self-adhesive ionomers for durable low-temperature anion exchange membrane electrolysis

Mengjie Chen et al.

Summary: Low-temperature water electrolysis using an anion conductive polymer electrolyte with chemically bonded hydroxide conducting ionomers and durable electrodes showed excellent adhesion and stable voltage performance.

JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES (2022)

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Article Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Optimization of anion exchange membrane water electrolyzers using ionomer-free electrodes

E. Lopez-Fernandez et al.

Summary: This study investigates the influence of different cell components on the overall electrochemical performance in the context of anion exchange membrane water electrolysis (AEMWE). Ionomer-free electrodes consisting of Ni-Fe anodes and Ni cathodes were used, along with different gas diffusion layer types and commercial anion exchange membranes. The results show that the utilized cell configuration with optimum components achieved high current densities and stability.

RENEWABLE ENERGY (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Self-Supported Bimetallic Phosphide Heterojunction-Integrated Electrode Promoting High-Performance Alkaline Anion-Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis

Lei Guo et al.

Summary: This article reports a general method for fabricating bimetallic phosphide heterojunctions on nickel foam for water electrolysis. The heterojunctions exhibit low overpotentials and high current densities under industrial conditions, demonstrating good electrocatalytic performance.

ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING (2022)

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Review Energy & Fuels

Anion Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis from Catalyst Design to the Membrane Electrode Assembly

Alaa Y. Faid et al.

Summary: This article describes recent developments and prospects in AEM electrolysis, including cost-effective transition metal catalysts for hydrogen and oxygen reactions, AEMs, ionomer, electrolytes, ionomer catalyst-electrolyte interactions, and membrane-electrode assembly performance and stability.

ENERGY TECHNOLOGY (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Efficient and Durable Anion Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis for a Commercially Available Electrolyzer Stack using Alkaline Electrolyte

Myeong Je Jang et al.

Summary: A low-cost anion exchange membrane water electrolysis stack with good performance and durability is demonstrated in this study. By optimizing the configuration and materials of the single cell, high energy conversion efficiency and durability have been achieved, which shows potential for future applications.

ACS ENERGY LETTERS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Amphoteric Membrane Loaded with a Noble Metal-Free Hollow Spherical NiCoP@rGO Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Alkaline Water Electrolyzers

Jyoti Ranjan Mandal et al.

Summary: A bifunctional electrocatalyst loaded on an amphoteric ion exchange membrane was developed for efficient water splitting and simultaneous HER and OER processes in alkaline media. The prepared membrane electrode assembly exhibited better overall water splitting performance compared to other commercialized membrane substrates and reported electrocatalysts.

ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Electrochemically activated Ni@Ni(OH)2 heterostructure as efficient hydrogen evolution reaction electrocatalyst for anion exchange membrane water electrolysis

W. Guo et al.

Summary: This study proposes a facile method of fabricating a Ni@Ni(OH)2 heterostructure catalyst on a Ti paper substrate, which significantly increases the exposed surface area and improves the activity of the hydrogen evolution reaction.

MATERIALS TODAY CHEMISTRY (2022)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Tailoring 3D-Printed Electrodes for Enhanced Water Splitting

Raul A. Marquez et al.

Summary: This study investigates the impact of electrode and surface design on the performance of water electrolysis by modifying extrinsic electrode properties and studying bubble release effects. Robust and cost-effective electrodes are fabricated through 3D printing and metal deposition. The results demonstrate that modifying electrode geometry, size, and electrolyte flow rate can decrease overpotential and result in different bubble diameters and lifetimes. The suitability and stability of ordered, Ni-coated 3D porous structures are also confirmed. Additionally, this study demonstrates the effectiveness of 3D-printed electrodes for testing electrocatalytic materials while extrinsic properties are controlled.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Room temperature, fast fabrication of square meter-sized oxygen evolution electrode toward industrial alkaline electrolyzer

Hui Chen et al.

Summary: NiFe-based electrode materials can be transformed into highly active and stable oxygen evolution electrodes through a room-temperature sulfuration strategy, showing great promise for industrial applications. It can be scaled up for large-area fabrication and exhibits remarkable catalytic performance under real industrial conditions.

APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Defective layered NiFe double hydroxides anchored on self-supported CoNi-nitrogen doped carbon nanotube composite as advanced electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction

Bo Zheng et al.

Summary: In this study, active layered NiFe double hydroxides were constructed on a self-supported three-dimensional carbon nanotube composite substrate as an integrated oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalyst. The optimized sample demonstrated outstanding OER activity with low overpotentials and good durability. The excellent performance was attributed to the synergistic effect of the intrinsic activity of the double hydroxide layers and the carbon nanotube composite substrate.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY (2022)

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Article Engineering, Chemical

Highly durable poly(arylene piperidinium) composite membranes modified with polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane for fuel cell and water electrolysis application

Vo Dinh Cong Tinh et al.

Summary: A composite electrolyte membrane consisting of poly(arylene piperidinium) and surface-modified polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSSI) was fabricated and showed significant improvements in hydration properties, chemical stability, anion conductivity. It exhibited higher power density and lower overpotential compared to pristine membranes in alkaline fuel cell and water electrolysis processes.

JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

NiFeB anode catalyst for anion exchange membrane water electrolysis

Alaa Y. Faid et al.

Summary: The Ni2Fe1B oxygen evolution reaction catalyst was scaled up to 5 g per batch and demonstrated outstanding performance and durability in anion exchange membrane electrolysis.

MATERIALS LETTERS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Heterostructured V-Doped Ni2P/Ni12P5 Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution in Anion Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers

Tingwen Zhao et al.

Summary: In this study, a V-doped Ni2P/Ni12P5 electrocatalyst was fabricated through V doping and heterointerfaces effect, leading to improved electronic structure and active sites for enhanced hydrogen evolution reaction in alkaline media.

SMALL (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Dual interfacial engineering of a Chevrel phase electrode material for stable hydrogen evolution at 2500 mA cm-2

Heming Liu et al.

Summary: Constructing stable electrodes that can operate at large current density is crucial for industrial water electrolysis. A mechanically-stable, all-metal, and highly active CuMo6S8/Cu electrode is created by in-situ reaction between MoS2 and Cu, achieving a large current density of 2500 mA/cm(-2) at a small overpotential and operating stably for over 100 hours.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Reconstruction of Ni-Co Phosphites Precatalyst into Metal Oxyhydroxides for Durable Full Water Electrolyzer Cell

S. Chandra Sekhar et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates the synthesis of nickel-cobalt phosphite microbuds on nickel foam via a one-step hydrothermal method. The resulting electrocatalyst exhibits superior oxygen evolution reaction activity and stability. Additionally, when applied in an anion-exchange membrane water electrolyzer, it shows high electrolysis performance and long-term catalytic activity.

ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

High-current density alkaline electrolyzers: The role of Nafion binder content in the catalyst coatings and techno-economic analysis

Marilena Isabella Zappia et al.

Summary: We report the development of high-current density operating alkaline electrolyzers based on platinum on Vulcan cathodes. By optimizing the binder and platinum mass loading, the electrolyzers can efficiently operate at high current densities and offer similar performance to proton-exchange membrane electrolyzers. This development has the potential to reduce the overall cost of hydrogen production.

FRONTIERS IN CHEMISTRY (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Membrane Strategies for Water Electrolysis

Eun Joo Park et al.

Summary: Hydrogen holds great promise as a clean energy resource, and green hydrogen production through renewable energy-powered water electrolysis can help achieve the global carbon-free energy goal. Ion-exchange membranes play a key role in membrane-based water electrolysis, enabling high hydrogen production efficiency through a zero-gap configuration. Research efforts for membrane alternatives have increased to reduce the cost and improve the durability of electrolyzers without sacrificing performance and efficiency.

ACS ENERGY LETTERS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Anion-Tuned Layered Double Hydroxide Anodes for Anion Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers: From Catalyst Screening to Performance

Malte Klingenhof et al.

Summary: This study critically investigates the kinetic and catalytic properties of anion-tuned NiFe-OER catalysts supported by Ni foam. The catalytic activity shows significant improvement in three-electrode setups, but the quantitative predictability for single-cell performance trends is limited. Cell environments appear to equalize the performances of designer catalysts.

ACS ENERGY LETTERS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

A Step Forward: Hydrogen Production on Cobalt Molybdenum Sulfide Electrocatalyst in Anion Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzer

Carlos V. M. Inocencio et al.

Summary: Cobalt molybdenum sulfide shows excellent catalytic performance and stability in an anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer.

ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

One step electrochemical fabrication of high performance Ni@Fe-doped Ni(oxy)hydroxide anode for practical alkaline water electrolysis

Tao Jiang et al.

Summary: This study reports a one-step oxidation-electrodeposition method to generate core@shell nanoarrays-based alkaline water electrolysis (AWE) electrode with outstanding oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performances. The electrode shows low overpotential and excellent stability under high current densities. The AEL cell equipped with this electrode demonstrates significant performance improvement compared to a similar cell using a bare Ni mesh as an anode. The results are attributed to the specific core@shell Ni@Fe-doped Ni(oxy)hydroxide nanoarray architecture.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

A NiCo2O4 electrocatalyst with a thin graphitic coating for the anion exchange membrane water electrolysis of wastewater

Jae-Yeop Jeong et al.

Summary: We have successfully prepared a non-precious metal catalyst through a simple preparation method, and modified it to exhibit good electrocatalytic performance and durability under alkaline conditions. Additionally, this electrocatalyst has shown similar performance and durability in alkaline wastewater.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Anion-Tuned Layered Double Hydroxide Anodes for Anion Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers: From Catalyst Screening to Single-Cell Performance

Malte Klingenhof et al.

Summary: This study investigates the performance of highly active anion-tuned catalysts in water electrolysis and finds significant improvements in catalytic activity in three-electrode setups. However, there are limitations in scaling the performance to single cells.

ACS ENERGY LETTERS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Hierarchically porous, biaxially woven carbon nanotube sheet arrays for next-generation anion-exchange membrane water electrolyzers

Ji Eun Park et al.

Summary: We propose a novel cathode design based on a hierarchically porous, biaxially woven carbon nanotube sheet (CNTS) array, which increases the total surface area of the catalyst and improves the transport of ions, electrons, reactants, and products. The design outperformed conventional electrodes in anion-exchange membrane water electrolysis (AEMWE) and showed great potential as an alternative cathode.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Hollow Mo-doped NiSx nanoarrays decorated with NiFe layered double-hydroxides for efficient and stable overall water splitting

Yanyan Li et al.

Summary: A high-performance electrocatalyst for overall water splitting was successfully synthesized through multi-compositional regulation and architectural engineering, showing low overpotentials and excellent stability.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Water management in anion-exchange membrane water electrolyzers under dry cathode operation

Susanne Koch et al.

Summary: The study demonstrates that utilizing a higher IEC anode helps improve water retention, reducing the risk of drying out at high current densities. Electrochemical measurements confirm the generally higher efficiency of a high IEC cell above 600 mA cm(-2). The high IEC cell at 1.5 A cm(-2) exhibits lower overpotential (2.1 V vs. 2.2 V) and lower high frequency resistance (210 mΩcm(-2) vs. 255 mΩcm(-2)), believed to be linked to improved cathode water retention and membrane humidification.

RSC ADVANCES (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

An anionic regulation mechanism for the structural reconstruction of sulfide electrocatalysts under oxygen evolution conditions

Chang-Xin Zhao et al.

Summary: This study reveals the anionic regulation mechanism of sulfide electrocatalysts under working oxygen evolution conditions, leading to the formation of a stable oxysulfide structure as the actual active site for oxygen evolution electrocatalysis. This finding provides a fundamental understanding of surface reconstruction and active sites of sulfide oxygen evolution electrocatalysts and inspires the design of advanced multi-anion compounds for rational electrocatalysis.

ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Water electrolysis: from textbook knowledge to the latest scientific strategies and industrial developments

Marian Chatenet et al.

Summary: This article explores the use of hydrogen as a sustainable energy carrier, focusing on electrocatalytic water splitting. It covers the fundamentals of the process, the latest scientific findings, and the current industrial processes and large-scale applications. The article also discusses strategies for optimizing electrode materials and includes a technoeconomic analysis of water electrolysis. Overall, it aims to promote collaboration and exchange among researchers in different fields.

CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Electrochemical preparation of nano/micron structure transition metal-based catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction

Huixi Li et al.

Summary: This review provides a comprehensive overview of the electrochemical synthesis of nano/microstructure transition metal-based OER materials. It introduces the fundamentals and strategies of electrochemical synthesis, summarizes the morphology and properties of electrochemically synthetic materials, reviews the latest progress in transition metal-based OER electrocatalysts, and discusses the oxygen evolution mechanism. It also presents the advantages, challenges, and opportunities of using electrochemical techniques in the synthesis of transition metal-based OER electrocatalysts, aiming to inspire researchers and promote the development of water splitting technology.

MATERIALS HORIZONS (2022)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Ionomer-Free Nickel-Iron bimetallic electrodes for efficient anion exchange membrane water electrolysis

E. Lopez-Fernandez et al.

Summary: Bimetallic catalyst films prepared by magnetron sputtering in an oblique angle configuration (MS-OAD) demonstrate high activity, stability, and operation capability for Anion Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis (AEMWE), even under ionomer-free conditions.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Oligomeric chain extender-derived anion conducting membrane materials with poly(p-phenylene)-based architecture for fuel cells and water electrolyzers

Min Suc Cha et al.

Summary: Here, we report a series of oligomeric chain extender-derived AEMs with increased molecular weights. These membranes showed excellent polymer main-chain stability as well as outstanding hydroxide conductivity, making them potentially useful in fuel cells and electrolyzers.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear

Amorphous-crystalline FeNi2S4@NiFe-LDH nanograsses with molten salt as an industrially promising electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution

Fu-Li Wang et al.

Summary: In this study, the activity and stability of NiFe-based oxygen evolution reaction electrocatalysts are improved by constructing a FeNi2S4@NiFe-LDH heterostructure. The introduction of amorphous NiFe-LDH optimizes the overall stability and activity of the catalyst, while the OH- produced by S ion hydrolysis promotes the catalyst construction. Excellent current density and stability are achieved by the FeNi2S4@NiFe-LDH catalyst under different conditions. This research contributes to the large-scale water splitting and has significant industrial application prospects.

INORGANIC CHEMISTRY FRONTIERS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Dimensionally stable multication-crosslinked poly(arylene piperidinium) membranes for water electrolysis

Xiuqin Wang et al.

Summary: By introducing a multication crosslinker, crosslinked poly(arylene piperidinium)-based AEMs with efficient ion conducting pathways were successfully fabricated, improving both the conductivity and dimensional stability. Alkaline water electrolysis experiments demonstrated the great potential of multication crosslinked AEMs in this field.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Overall design of novel 3D-ordered MEA with drastically enhanced mass transport for alkaline electrolyzers

Lei Wan et al.

Summary: This study explores the improvement of alkaline electrolyzers' performance by enhancing the structure of the membrane electrode assembly. The introduction of a three-dimensional ordered structure leads to higher current density and longer stability. Moreover, alkaline electrolyzers fed with pure water also demonstrate good performance.

ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Energy & Fuels

Direct electrodeposition ofNi-Co-Son carbon paper as an efficient cathode for anion exchange membrane water electrolysers

Wenwu Guo et al.

Summary: The development of an efficient Ni-Co-S cathode for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) enables high activity in an anion exchange membrane water electrolizer (AEMWE). By optimizing the Ni-Co-S/CP electrode, the HER performance is enhanced, leading to a higher current density in AEMWE single cells compared to traditional Pt/C/CP cathodes. Enhancements in electron and reactant/product transfer play a key role in improving overall performance.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Polybenzimidazole Ultrathin Anion Exchange Membrane with Comb-Shape Amphiphilic Microphase Networks for a High-Performance Fuel Cell

Xiaozhou Wang et al.

Summary: By introducing a comb-shape amphiphilic cationic side chain, a well-balanced water sorption in anion exchange membranes (AEMs) can be achieved, leading to improved conductivity, mechanical properties, and fuel cell performance.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2021)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Engineered Thin Diffusion Layers for Anion-Exchange Membrane Electrolyzer Cells with Outstanding Performance

Kui Li et al.

Summary: In this study, an engineered liquid/gas diffusion layer (LGDL) with tunable pore morphologies was reported to enable high performance of AEMECs. Compared to a commercial titanium foam, the engineered LGDL significantly improved interfacial contacts, mass transport, and activation of reaction sites in the electrolyzer, leading to outstanding performance. This study provides insight for designing advanced LGDLs for low-cost and high-efficiency AEMECs production.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Transforming Damage into Benefit: Corrosion Engineering Enabled Electrocatalysts for Water Splitting

Xupo Liu et al.

Summary: It has been discovered that corrosion engineering is an emerging strategy for preparing electrocatalysts, with advantages such as simplicity, effectiveness, and low cost. By converting harmful corrosion processes into beneficial catalyst preparation, the goal of transforming damage into benefit can be achieved.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Evolution of Cationic Vacancy Defects: A Motif for Surface Restructuration of OER Precatalyst

Yi-jin Wu et al.

Summary: The study shows that defects, specifically cationic vacancy defects, can enhance the electrocatalytic performance of NiFe-LDH for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). These defects evolve with increasing applied voltage, influencing the surface reconstruction process of NiFe-LDH.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Chemical transformation approach for high-performance ternary NiFeCo metal compound-based water splitting electrodes

Jooyoung Lee et al.

Summary: Developing high-efficiency and cost-efficient electrodes for hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions is a major challenge in water electrolysis technology. A chemical transformation route was developed to produce high-performance OER and HER electrodes, which outperformed most other catalysts reported to date. An alkaline water electrolyzer based on these electrodes achieved a current density of 10 mA/cm(2) at an only 1.47 V-cell, while an anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer reached a current density of 500 mA/cm(2) at an only 1.75 V-cell.

APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL (2021)

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Article Electrochemistry

NiCu mixed metal oxide catalyst for alkaline hydrogen evolution in anion exchange membrane water electrolysis

Alaa Y. Faid et al.

Summary: The optimization of nickel-copper catalysts for cathode performance in anion exchange membrane (AEM) water electrolysis has been reported, with NiCu mixed metal oxide nanosheets showing rapid kinetics for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). In alkaline electrolytes, the activity and stability of NiCu MMO increase with KOH concentration, and the use of Nafion ionomer in the ink results in higher HER current density. The NiCu MMO cathode, paired with Ir black as the anode, achieves AEM electrolyzer performance comparable to PEM water electrolysis.

ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA (2021)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Green preparation of highly alkali-resistant PTFE composite membranes for advanced alkaline water electrolysis

Lei Wan et al.

Summary: By filling a polytetrafluoroethylene membrane, a hydroxide ion conduction membrane with enhanced stability and conductivity was prepared, demonstrating excellent performance in alkaline water electrolysis.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Differences in the Electrochemical Performance of Pt-Based Catalysts Used for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells in Liquid Half- and Full-Cells

Chi-Yeong Ahn et al.

Summary: Research has focused on developing Pt-based catalysts with higher performance and durability, particularly by increasing ECSA and intrinsic activity. However, most achievements are limited to half-cells and may not be directly applicable to real-life fuel cell applications, indicating the need for further improvement in catalytic performance.

CHEMICAL REVIEWS (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Physical

Recent progress on self-supported two-dimensional transition metal hydroxides nanosheets for electrochemical energy storage and conversion

Lei Wan et al.

Summary: Transition metal hydroxides (TMHs) nanosheets have garnered attention in electrochemical energy storage and conversion due to their superior properties, while self-supported electrodes have been studied extensively for their fast transfer and enhanced performance.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Next-generation anion exchange membrane water electrolyzers operating for commercially relevant lifetimes

Behrooz Motealleh et al.

Summary: The use of Sustainion (R) anion exchange membranes in alkaline anion exchange membrane water electrolysis has shown good performance relative to industrial parameters, with stability and longer lifetime. Accelerated voltage shock tests were used to simulate daily cycling performance over 30 years, showing that performance can be improved by adding zirconia to the polymer matrix and mechanically reinforcing the membrane.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Highly conductive partially cross-linked poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) as anion exchange membrane and ionomer for water electrolysis

Zhiming Feng et al.

Summary: Cross-linked quaternised Poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-Phenylene Oxide) (QPPO)-based membranes were prepared with environmentally-friendly chloromethylating reagents, showing high ionic conductivity. The membranes exhibited good performance and mechanical stability in AEM water electrolyser applications.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Water-Fed Hydroxide Exchange Membrane Electrolyzer Enabled by a Fluoride-Incorporated Nickel-Iron Oxyhydroxide Oxygen Evolution Electrode

Junwu Xiao et al.

Summary: A new dissolved oxygen and galvanic corrosion method was developed to synthesize vertically aligned fluoride-incorporated nickel-iron oxyhydroxide nanosheet arrays for an efficient self-supported oxygen evolution electrode. When integrated with a hydroxide exchange membrane electrolyzer, the system achieved a high performance of 1020 mA cm(-2) at 1.8 V and demonstrated catalyst stability over >160 hours of continuous operation at 200 mA cm(-2). This work offers a potential pathway for large-scale production of low-cost hydrogen using intermittent renewable energy sources.

ACS CATALYSIS (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Physical

Nanocatalyst Design for Long-Term Operation of Proton/Anion Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis

Haneul Jin et al.

Summary: Long-term catalyst stability is crucial for the commercialization of hydrogen generation through electrocatalytic water-splitting. Current research focuses on enhancing electrode activity, but this review highlights the importance of catalyst stability and outlines strategies for improving long-term performance.

ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Comprehensive impedance investigation of low-cost anion exchange membrane electrolysis for large-scale hydrogen production

Immanuel Vincent et al.

Summary: Anion exchange membrane (AEM) electrolysis is a promising method for large-scale hydrogen production from renewable energy resources, but its performance still lags behind conventional technologies. Through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis, we investigated and quantified the contributions of ohmic and charge transfer resistances, as well as the impact of factors such as voltage, flow rate, temperature, and concentration on AEM electrolysis efficiency. It was found that increasing voltage, flow rate, temperature, and electrolyte concentration significantly enhanced the anodic activity.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Sandwich-like Co(OH)x/Ag/Co(OH)2 nanosheet composites for oxygen evolution reaction in anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer

Wenwu Guo et al.

Summary: Efficient and durable nanosheet composites based on Co(OH)(x)/Ag/Co(OH)(2) were developed as effective electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline media. These composites exhibited excellent OER activity with low overpotential and high current density, showing potential for application in water electrolysis for hydrogen production.

JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS (2021)

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Review Electrochemistry

Recent Advancement on Anion Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cell and Water Electrolysis

Mrinmay Mandal

Summary: Highly conductive anion exchange membranes play a crucial role in fuel cells and water electrolysis, contributing to cost reduction and efficiency improvement. Recent studies have reported significant advancements, especially in alkaline membrane fuel cells.

CHEMELECTROCHEM (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Integrated Reference Electrodes in Anion-Exchange-Membrane Electrolyzers: Impact of Stainless-Steel Gas-Diffusion Layers and Internal Mechanical Pressure

Qiucheng Xu et al.

Summary: This study introduces a new method to separate the responses of the anode and cathode in polarization and impedance measurements by integrating a reference electrode with the MEA, revealing how changes in the fiber diameter of stainless-steel gas-diffusion layers (GDLs) and the thickness of the cathode GDL simultaneously affect the performance of the anode and cathode in alkaline-membrane electrolyzers. This approach guides the development of high-performance alkaline-membrane water electrolyzers and demonstrates a useful strategy for studying structure-activity relationships in the MEA.

ACS ENERGY LETTERS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Extensive Active-Site Formation in Trirutile CoSb2O6 by Oxygen Vacancy for Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Anion Exchange Membrane Water Splitting

Kahyun Ham et al.

Summary: A new octahedral Co2+-rich Co oxide catalyst was reported to efficiently lower the cell voltage in anion exchange membrane water splitting for H-2 production. By increasing the amount of Co4+ at the active sites, the oxygen evolution reaction activity was enhanced, leading to a lower OER overpotential.

ACS ENERGY LETTERS (2021)

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Article Engineering, Chemical

PBI nanofiber mat-reinforced anion exchange membranes with covalently linked interfaces for use in water electrolysers

Malikah Najibah et al.

Summary: The study investigates the reinforcement of anion exchange membranes using polybenzimidazole nanofiber mats filled with the bromomethylated precursor of ultra-stable AEM material mTPN. The optimized PBI/mTPN-50.120 composite membrane shows decreased length swelling, increased tensile strength, and Young's modulus while maintaining high conductivity. In an electrolyser, the membrane demonstrated stable performance over 200 hours of testing.

JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Engineering, Chemical

Amphiphilic cone-shaped cationic calix[4]arene composite anion exchange membranes with continuous ionic channels

Wanting Chen et al.

Summary: The novel amphiphilic cone-shaped inducer TQCX is proposed to create continuous ionic channels in AEM, which improves hydroxide conductivity of the composite membrane. Molecular dynamics simulation reveals the mechanism of inducing ionic clusters and constructing continuous channels by TQCX, achieving a 70% improvement in hydroxide conductivity at 3 wt% TQCX.

JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Pure Water Solid Alkaline Water Electrolyzer Using Fully Aromatic and High-Molecular-Weight Poly(fluorene-alt-tetrafluorophenylene)-trimethyl Ammonium Anion Exchange Membranes and Ionomers

Roby Soni et al.

Summary: This study improved pure water solid alkaline water electrolysis technology by using polymer electrolytes made from fully aromatic high-molecular-weight polymers. These improvements also enhanced the durability of membrane-electrode assemblies under high temperature conditions.

ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Engineering, Chemical

Rigid crosslinkers towards constructing highly-efficient ion transport channels in anion exchange membranes

Chuan Hu et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates a strategy to improve the performance of synthetic AEMs by using rigid crosslinkers, which can enhance the water uptake and ionic conductivity while reducing the swelling ratio. Rigid crosslinkers are shown to be beneficial for constructing efficient ion channels and overcoming the trade-off relation between ionic conductivity and dimensional stability in AEMs.

JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Active sites and optimization of mixed copper-cobalt oxide anodes for anion exchange membrane water electrolysis

E. Lopez-Fernandez et al.

Summary: The optimization of catalysts in anion exchange membrane water electrolyzers is crucial for improving the activity of the oxygen evolution reaction. Research has shown that modifying the microstructure and chemical properties of mixed copper-cobalt oxide anodes can increase the reaction activity.

JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Evaluating the effect of membrane-ionomer combinations and supporting electrolytes on the performance of cobalt nanoparticle anodes in anion exchange membrane electrolyzers

Shraboni Ghoshal et al.

Summary: This study investigates the influence of component choices and MEA fabrication in low temperature polymer electrolyte membrane electrolyzers. Changes in ionomer type, membrane, and supporting electrolyte were found to affect catalyst redox, resulting in variations in exchange current densities and Tafel slopes. Additionally, differences in membrane conductivity were identified as a key factor in performance variability among different MEAs, with higher conductivity minimizing ohmic losses.

JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES (2021)

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Review Polymer Science

Anion exchange polyelectrolytes for membranes and ionomers

Nanjun Chen et al.

Summary: Anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs) are considered a low-cost alternative to proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) for clean energy conversion, as they utilize non-platinum group metals as electrocatalysts under alkaline conditions. The development of high-performance anion-exchange polyelectrolytes (AEPs) has led to significant progress in power density and durability of AEMFCs, making them comparable to or even better than PEMFCs.

PROGRESS IN POLYMER SCIENCE (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Physical

The Fe Effect: A review unveiling the critical roles of Fe in enhancing OER activity of Ni and Co based catalysts

Sengeni Anantharaj et al.

Summary: This article discusses the critical role of Fe in Ni/Co-based OECs in the oxygen evolution reaction, highlighting several contradictory conclusions found in the research. It emphasizes the importance of understanding the Fe effect for efficient hydrogen generation in alkaline medium.

NANO ENERGY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Promoting electrocatalytic water oxidation through tungsten-modulated oxygen vacancies on hierarchical FeNi-layered double hydroxide

Jing He et al.

Summary: In order to reduce energy consumption, researchers have prepared a series of FeNiW-layered double hydroxides grown in situ on Fe foam through an electrochemical corrosion engineering strategy, exhibiting excellent electrochemical activity for water oxidation. The FeNiW-LDH shows low overpotential and small Tafel slope in the OER reaction, demonstrating good stability and electronic conductivity.

NANO ENERGY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Schottky Heterojunction Nanosheet Array Achieving High-Current-Density Oxygen Evolution for Industrial Water Splitting Electrolyzers

Qunlei Wen et al.

Summary: Versatile catalyst system composed of dispersed NiFe hydroxide nanoparticles and ultrathin NiS nanosheets exhibits remarkable oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity at high current density under industrial conditions. Theoretical calculations demonstrate the cooperative regulation of mass transport and electronic structure, leading to favorable OER kinetics and stable cell performance in water splitting electrolyzer.

ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Insights into Interfacial and Bulk Transport Phenomena Affecting Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzer Performance at Ultra-Low Iridium Loadings

Xiong Peng et al.

Summary: By studying titanium fiber PTLs of varying thickness and porosity, it was found that PEMWE performance at ultra-low Ir loadings is highly dependent on the PTL properties, with bulk structural properties determining mass transport and Ohmic resistance, while surface properties govern catalyst layer utilization and electrode kinetics. The PTL-induced variation in kinetic and mass transport overpotential is around 40 and 60 mV, respectively, with a significant 35 mV difference in Ohmic overpotential. Consequently, at least a 150 mV improvement in PEMWE performance can be achieved through PTL structural optimization without reducing membrane thickness or introducing new electrocatalysts.

ADVANCED SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Cu-Co-P electrodeposited on carbon paper as an efficient electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction in anion exchange membrane water electrolyzers

Wenwu Guo et al.

Summary: A facile and rapid fabrication method of Cu-Co-P catalyst on a carbon paper substrate using electrodeposition was reported in this study. By optimizing the deposition conditions and incorporating Cu, the performance towards hydrogen evolution reaction in water electrolysis was significantly improved.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY (2021)

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Article Engineering, Chemical

Diamine crosslinked anion exchange membranes based on poly(vinyl benzyl methylpyrrolidinium) for alkaline water electrolysis

Huanhuan Li et al.

Summary: New chemically crosslinked anion exchange membranes based on high ion conductive poly(vinyl benzyl methylpyrrolidinium) and rigid polysulfone exhibit excellent performance in water electrolysis, showing good chemical resistance and stability suitable for operation in mildly alkaline conditions.

JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Electrochemistry

Elucidating the Role of Hydroxide Electrolyte on Anion-Exchange-Membrane Water Electrolyzer Performance

Jiangjin Liu et al.

Summary: This study investigates the functionality of alkali metal solution in AEMWEs, finding that the solution plays a crucial role in the ohmic resistance of the membrane and catalyst layer, as well as the reaction kinetics. Results suggest that the high pH of electrolyte and the catalyst/electrolyte interface are important for the performance of AEMWEs.

JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Poly(fluorenyl aryl piperidinium) membranes and ionomers for anion exchange membrane fuel cells

Nanjun Chen et al.

Summary: The study presents a series of durable poly(fluorenyl aryl piperidinium) ionomers and membranes with high OH- conductivity and excellent mechanical properties for improved performance of alkaline fuel cells. Innovative design of poly(fluorenyl aryl piperidinium) copolymers is explored to extend their applications in anion exchange membrane fuel cells.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Physical

The promise of hydrogen production from alkaline anion exchange membrane electrolyzers

Changqing Li et al.

Summary: Producing hydrogen using anion exchange membrane water electrolysis is a promising approach to address the energy crisis, but further understanding and improvement of the technology is needed, including increasing power efficiency and reducing costs.

NANO ENERGY (2021)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Performance and Durability of Pure-Water-Fed Anion Exchange Membrane Electrolyzers Using Baseline Materials and Operation

Grace A. Lindquist et al.

Summary: Green hydrogen produced by water electrolysis powered by renewable electricity can replace fossil fuels. Anion-exchange-membrane (AEM) electrolyzers offer advantages of commercial proton-exchange-membrane systems with the use of less expensive materials and catalysts. Limited research and development in AEM electrolyzers due to lack of accessible materials and difficulty in comparing results, but using commercially available materials can provide a high-performance baseline for future development.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2021)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Design Principles of NiFe-Layered Double Hydroxide Anode Catalysts for Anion Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers

Sun Seo Jeon et al.

Summary: Based on the research, using carbonaceous materials for anodes has detrimental effects on the stability of AEMWEs at industrially relevant current densities. Therefore, a facile monolayer structuring is suggested to overcome low electrical conductivity of NiFe-LDH and improve mass transport without using carbonaceous materials. This work highlights electrical conductivity and hydrophilicity of catalysts in membrane-electrode-assembly as key factors for high-performance AEMWEs.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Sub-2 nm Ultrathin and Robust 2D FeNi Layered Double Hydroxide Nanosheets Packed with 1D FeNi-MOFs for Enhanced Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysis

Fuqin Zheng et al.

Summary: A facile strategy was proposed to fabricate 2D FeNi layered double hydroxide nanosheets packed with 1D sword-like FeNi-MOFs using FeNi-LDH as a semi-sacrificial template. The composite exhibited enhanced OER electrocatalytic performance due to its unique 2D/1D combined structure, with low overpotential, small Tafel slope, and high long-term durability, providing a new way to fabricate advanced catalysts for electrochemical energy conversion.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Clean and Affordable Hydrogen Fuel from Alkaline Water Splitting: Past, Recent Progress, and Future Prospects

Zi-You Yu et al.

Summary: The hydrogen economy has emerged as a promising alternative to the current hydrocarbon economy, involving the use of renewable energy to split water into hydrogen and oxygen for further utilization as clean fuel. Among various water electrolysis technologies, alkaline water splitting has been commercialized for over 100 years and is considered the most mature and economic option. Advanced nonprecious metal electrocatalysts have shown potential for improving the efficiency and stability of alkaline water splitting processes, with a focus on catalyst synthesis and performance improvement.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Atomic Cation-Vacancy Engineering of NiFe-Layered Double Hydroxides for Improved Activity and Stability towards the Oxygen Evolution Reaction

Lishan Peng et al.

Summary: This study reveals the degradation mechanism of NiFe-LDH catalysts during alkaline OER and demonstrates that introducing cation vacancies can enhance both activity and stability. The introduction of cation vacancies reduces metal dissolution and surface phase formation, improving the long-term OER stability of NiFe-LDH.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Commercial anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer stack through non-precious metal electrocatalysts

Yoo Sei Park et al.

Summary: A high-performance, durable non-precious metal electrocatalyst for anion exchange membrane water electrolyzers has been developed, showing improved activity and durability through alloying and oxide formation. The electrocatalyst's enhanced performance was demonstrated in single-cell and stack cell systems.

APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL (2021)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Corrosion-engineered bimetallic oxide electrode as anode for high-efficiency anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer

Jooyoung Lee et al.

Summary: The study demonstrates that corroding conventional nickel foam in the presence of exotic Fe3+ cations can transform it into a high catalytic electrode for the oxygen evolution reaction. The resulting electrode, made of densely packed Ni0.75Fe2.25O4 nanoparticles less than 5 nm in size, outperforms state-of-the-art IrO2 catalyst by requiring a lower overpotential for OER activity. This approach offers a simple, cost-effective, and scalable route to high-performance OER electrodes for efficient AEM water electrolysis.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Operational parameters correlated with the long-term stability of anion exchange membrane water electrolyzers

Atif Khan Niaz et al.

Summary: The study found that the performance of anion exchange membrane water electrolyzers was relatively stable under conditions of voltage cycling in a narrow range, constant voltage, and constant current. However, wider range voltage cycling negatively affected cell stability. Maintaining normal operational parameters is critical to ensuring the long-term stability of AEMWEs.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY (2021)

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Article Engineering, Chemical

Constructing ionic channels in anion exchange membrane via a Zn2+soft template: Experiment and molecular dynamics simulation

Wanting Chen et al.

Summary: An effective soft-template strategy using Zn2+ metal ions to construct well-ordered ionic conductive channels in imidazolium functionalized polysulfone anion exchange membranes results in improved hydroxide conductivity and larger ionic clusters.

JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Electrochemistry

Influence of Supporting Electrolyte on Hydroxide Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis Performance: Anolyte

Aleksandr Kiessling et al.

Summary: This study investigates the effects of SELs used as anolyte solutions in HEMWEs, including cation-type, anion-type, SEL conductivity and pH. The findings suggest that concentrated KOH remains the best SEL choice for HEMWE.

JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

High-Efficiency Anion-Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzer Enabled by Ternary Layered Double Hydroxide Anode

Jooyoung Lee et al.

Summary: By corroding a conventional Ni foam electrode in the presence of Fe3+ and V3+ cations, it can be transformed into a high-performance oxygen-evolving electrode, achieving superior OER activity with the help of the unique structure and presence of vanadium in the NiFeV LDH electrode.

SMALL (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Physical

Self-Supported Electrocatalysts for Practical Water Electrolysis

Hongyuan Yang et al.

Summary: Over the years, significant progress has been made in enhancing the efficiency of water splitting through the development of economic electrocatalysts with improved conductivity, active site accessibility, and intrinsic activity. However, the challenge remains to create earth-abundant catalysts that can meet the demands of practical water electrolysis. Self-supported electrocatalysts are considered the most suitable contenders for large-scale hydrogen generation due to their features like increased active species loading, rapid charge and mass transfer, strong affinity between catalytic components and substrates, easily controlled wettability, and enhanced bifunctional performance.

ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Porous Transport Layers for Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolysis Under Extreme Conditions of Current Density, Temperature, and Pressure

Svenja Stiber et al.

Summary: This study presents a porous transport layer for PEMWE, allowing operation at higher current density, temperature, and H-2 output pressure, reducing the cost of green H-2 production and extending the operational range of the electrolyzer. Extensive physical characterization and pore network simulation demonstrate efficient gas/water management in the PEMWE.

ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Promotion Effect of Modified Ni/C by La-Ce Oxide for Durable Hydrogen Evolution Reaction

Myeong Je Jang et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates the improved electrocatalytic activity and durability of Ni in an alkaline atmosphere for the hydrogen evolution reaction, achieved through the interaction between Ni and La-Ce oxide (LCO). The interaction between Ni and LCO guarantees excellent HER durability, leading to changes in electronic structure and improved activity, making it a powerful way to enhance the efficiency of anion exchange membrane water electrolysis (AEMWE) for high-efficiency hydrogen production.

ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Applied

Sulfide@hydroxide core-shell nanostructure via a facile heating-electrodeposition method for enhanced electrochemical and photoelectrochemical water oxidation

Yao Lu et al.

Summary: A low-cost, easy-fabricated, highly stable and active electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) was designed using a heating-electrodeposition method. The core-shell nanostructure exhibited excellent OER activity and enhanced photo-response, showing compatibility with Si based photoanode and outperforming state-of-the-art Si based photoanodes.

JOURNAL OF ENERGY CHEMISTRY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Increasing the performance of an anion-exchange membrane electrolyzer operating in pure water with a nickel-based microporous layer

Fatemeh Razmjooei et al.

Summary: In order to enhance the performance of AEMWE, a well-designed liquid/gas diffusion layer (LGDL) termed NiMPL-PTL was developed, which reduced transport polarization and increased contact area, leading to measurable performance improvements in AEMWE.

JOULE (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Physical

Stability challenges of electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction: From mechanistic understanding to reactor design

Feng-Yang Chen et al.

Summary: This review summarizes critical mechanisms that could influence the stability of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and discusses the importance of stability in large-scale electrolysis industrialization. Additionally, it provides catalyst and reactor design principles for overcoming OER stability challenges.

JOULE (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Acid-Corrosion-Induced Hollow-Structured NiFe-Layered Double Hydroxide Electrocatalysts for Efficient Water Oxidation

Peican Wang et al.

Summary: The study presents a highly active and stable NiFe LDH@NiFe electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction, with optimized electrode/gas/electrolyte interface and electrocatalyst/substrate interface. The intimate connection between nanosheet arrays and substrate, along with excellent hydrophilicity and aerophobicity, enables significantly improved infiltration of electrolytes, quick release of oxygen bubbles, and remarkably enhanced charge transfer, showing great potential for electrocatalytic applications.

ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

High-performance anion exchange membrane water electrolyzers with a current density of 7.68 A cm-2 and a durability of 1000 hours

Nanjun Chen et al.

Summary: The study introduces a new technology of PFAP-based AEMWEs with higher performance than PEMWEs, highlighting the importance of high water diffusivity and ion conductivity.

ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

In situ ion-exchange preparation and topological transformation of trimetal-organic frameworks for efficient electrocatalytic water oxidation

Kaihang Yue et al.

Summary: The study presents a highly active two-dimensional trimetal-organic framework (NiCoFe-NDA) as a referential electrocatalyst for water oxidation, demonstrating excellent stability and low overpotential at high current density. An AEMWE system using NiCoFe-NDA catalyst exhibits high efficiency and stability.

ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Anisotropic anion exchange membranes with extremely high water uptake for water electrolysis and fuel cells

Ziang Xu et al.

Summary: The study focuses on addressing the poor interfacial contact between ion-conducting membranes and electrodes, with a newly developed high water uptake anion exchange membrane showing significant improvements in performance for hydrogen energy conversion technologies. By enhancing mass transfer intensification at the interface between the membrane and catalyst, the anion exchange membrane exhibits exceptional hydroxide conductivity and peak power density for hydrogen production applications and fuel cell operation.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Regulated iron corrosion towards fabricating large-area self-supporting electrodes for an efficient oxygen evolution reaction

Xupo Liu et al.

Summary: The study focused on tailored corrosion layers of iron foam for self-supporting electrodes with excellent oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance. The appropriate electrode potentials for uniformly ordered corrosion layers were identified through comparisons and achieved industrially required high current density with a prominent hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalyst.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Performance and durability of anion exchange membrane water electrolyzers using down-selected polymer electrolytes

Andrew R. Motz et al.

Summary: In this study, the performance and durability of anion exchange membrane water electrolyzers (AEMWEs) were investigated using polymer electrolytes with high alkaline stability. The AEMWE with a poly(phenylene) membrane and a poly(fluorene) ionomeric binder exhibited the best performance among those tested in terms of current density and voltage degradation rate over several hundred operating hours. Further research needs for practical AEMWEs using polymer electrolytes are discussed based on these results.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Physical

The electronic structure of transition metal oxides for oxygen evolution reaction

Hongxia Wang et al.

Summary: Electrolysis of water for hydrogen and oxygen production is crucial for storing renewable energy in chemical fuels. The efficiency is often limited by the oxygen evolution reaction kinetics, requiring efficient electrocatalysts. Understanding the electronic structure and its relationship with catalytic activity has led to strategies like doping and defect engineering to enhance activity. Challenges and future perspectives in the field are also discussed.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

The effect of ionomer content in catalyst layers in anion-exchange membrane water electrolyzers prepared with reinforced membranes (Aemion plus ™)

Susanne Koch et al.

Summary: This study examines the impact of ionomer content in the membrane-electrode assembly parameters on the performance and stability of anion-exchange membrane water electrolyzers (AEMWEs). The results show that optimizing ionomer content in the anode catalyst layer at 7 wt% can avoid mass transport limitation and properly bind the catalyst. Additionally, performance remains stable over a range of 0.001-1 M KOH with slight improvement for higher KOH contents.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Applied

Self-supporting NiFe LDH-MoSx integrated electrode for highly efficient water splitting at the industrial electrolysis conditions

Han Zhang et al.

Summary: The self-supporting NiFe LDH-MoSx integrated electrode shows excellent performance for water oxidation under normal alkaline and simulated industrial electrolysis conditions, indicating its potential for large-scale industrial water electrolysis applications.

CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Electrochemical integration of amorphous NiFe (oxy)hydroxides on surface-activated carbon fibers for high-efficiency oxygen evolution in alkaline anion exchange membrane water electrolysis

Pandiarajan Thangavel et al.

Summary: Developing a high-efficiency and low-cost three-dimensional OER electrode with enriched active sites and improved electrical conductivity is crucial for enhancing the kinetics and mass transport properties of oxygen evolution reaction. The synthesized a-NiFeOOH/N-CFP electrode exhibits excellent OER activity and stability, outperforming state-of-the-art catalysts. These findings signify significant advancements in the utilization of NiFeOOH catalysts for commercial applications.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Physical

Recent advances in transition-metal-sulfide-based bifunctional electrocatalysts for overall water splitting

Min Wang et al.

Summary: This article systematically summarizes recent advances in transition metal sulfide (TMS)-based bifunctional electrocatalysts, including preparation methods, intrinsic electrocatalytic performance, and optimization strategies. It provides guidelines for the design and fabrication of TMS-based bifunctional electrocatalysts with excellent performance and aims to accelerate their large-scale practical application in water electrolysis.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Physical

Recent advances in transition-metal-sulfide-based bifunctional electrocatalysts for overall water splitting

Min Wang et al.

Summary: This article systematically summarizes recent advances in TMS-based bifunctional electrocatalysts, including preparation methods, intrinsic electrocatalytic performance, and optimization strategies. It provides an introduction to the reaction mechanisms and key parameters of HER and OER, as well as the physicochemical properties of TMS and typical synthesis methods. Discussions on intrinsic activities of TMS-based electrocatalysts and strategies for improving their bifunctional electrocatalytic performance during water electrolysis are included.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Self-aggregating cationic-chains enable alkaline stable ion-conducting channels for anion-exchange membrane fuel cells

Jianjun Zhang et al.

Summary: The precise manipulation of the polyelectrolyte self-assembly process to form specific microstructures with ion-conducting channels is crucial for various fields. By introducing dipolar ethylene oxide spacers in the cationic side chain, a new strategy for designing self-aggregating side chains with optimized alkaline stability has been developed, leading to the creation of AEMs with enhanced conductivity and alkaline stability. This innovative concept shows promising results in terms of hydroxide conductivity, peak power density, and alkaline stability in fuel cell applications.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Self-Supported Transition-Metal-Based Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen and Oxygen Evolution

Hongming Sun et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Comparative study of anion exchange membranes for low-cost water electrolysis

I. Pushkareva et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY (2020)

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Article Engineering, Chemical

Polysulfone-polyvinylpyrrolidone blend membranes as electrolytes in alkaline water electrolysis

David Aili et al.

JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Hierarchically Structured Porous Transport Layers for Polymer Electrolyte Water Electrolysis

Tobias Schuler et al.

ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Designed Formation of Double-Shelled Ni-Fe Layered-Double-Hydroxide Nanocages for Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction

Zhang Jintao et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Optimal Geometrical Configuration of Cobalt Cations in Spinel Oxides to Promote Oxygen Evolution Reaction

Zhijuan Liu et al.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2020)

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Article Electrochemistry

Directly coated membrane electrode assemblies for proton exchange membrane water electrolysis

Peter Holzapfel et al.

ELECTROCHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS (2020)

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Article Electrochemistry

Oxygen vacancy defects modulated electrocatalytic activity of iron-nickel layered double hydroxide on Ni foam as highly active electrodes for oxygen evolution reaction

Jingwei Li et al.

ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Co3S4 nanosheets on Ni foam via electrodeposition with sulfurization as highly active electrocatalysts for anion exchange membrane electrolyzer

Yoo Sei Park et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Assessment of the FAA3-50 polymer electrolyte in combination with a NiMn2O4 anode catalyst for anion exchange membrane water electrolysis

A. Carbone et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

High-performance alkaline water electrolysis using Aemion™ anion exchange membranes

Patrick Fortin et al.

JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES (2020)

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The Role of Anions in Metal Chalcogenide Oxygen Evolution Catalysis: Electrodeposited Thin Films of Nickel Sulfide as Pre-catalysts

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NiSe Nanowire Film Supported on Nickel Foam: An Efficient and Stable 3D Bifunctional Electrode for Full Water Splitting

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Anionic catalyst binders based on trimethylamine-quaternized poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) for alkaline electrolyzers

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A polymethacrylate-based quaternary ammonium OH- ionomer binder for non-precious metal alkaline anion exchange membrane water electrolysers

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CuxCo3-xO4 (0 <= x <= 1) nanoparticles for oxygen evolution in high performance alkaline exchange membrane water electrolysers

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