Advanced Data Processing as a Tool to Enhance the Vertical and Horizontal Resolution of Bottom Simulating Reflector (BSR): Implications for GAS Hydrate Exploitation

Seismic reflection in Makran offshore region presents technical challenges in terms of data processing due to the complex geology resulting from the subduction zone. The tectonic movement of existing deep natural gas resources creates mud diapirs and gas hydrates. The objective of this study is to enhance the vertical and horizontal resolution of the Bottom Simulating Reflector (BSR) by the application of advanced processing techniques within the context of gas hydrates exploitation. Our novel workflow involves preservation of the true amplitudes, source de-signature processing by the inversion of direct arrivals from the seismic streamer data, model-based noise attenuation, high resolution velocity analysis, and pre-stack time migration. The presented results clearly show significant improvement in the resolution of the BSR with high signal to noise ratio, when compared with the same data processed through standard industry algorithms. Vertical resolution has been achieved by inversion of direct arrivals, whereas horizontal resolution was achieved by the selection of an optimum migration algorithm and velocity model. The results demonstrated here possess significant implications for gas hydrate exploitation in offshore areas around the globe.

Automated summary

This study aims to enhance the vertical and horizontal resolution of the Bottom Simulating Reflector (BSR) in Makran offshore region through the application of advanced processing techniques, addressing the complex geology resulting from subduction zone. The workflow includes preserving true amplitudes, processing source de-signature by inverting direct arrivals, model-based noise attenuation, high resolution velocity analysis, and pre-stack time migration. The results show significant improvement in BSR resolution with high signal to noise ratio compared to standard industry algorithms. Vertical resolution is achieved by direct arrival inversion, while horizontal resolution is achieved by selecting an optimum migration algorithm and velocity model. These results have significant implications for gas hydrate exploitation in offshore areas globally.