4.3 Article

Interleukin-22/Interleukin-22 binding protein axis and oral contraceptive use in polycystic ovary syndrome

Journal

ENDOCRINE
Volume 81, Issue 1, Pages 54-57

Publisher

SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03360-4

Keywords

Polycystic ovary syndrome; IL-22; IL-22 binding protein; Oral contraceptive; Microbiota

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The aim of this study was to assess the alterations of IL-22/IL-22BP axis in PCOS patients and the impact of short-term oral contraceptive (OC) therapy. The results showed that PCOS patients had similar concentrations of IL-22 and IL-22BP compared to healthy controls. However, after receiving OC therapy, the IL-22/IL-22BP ratio in the PCOS group significantly increased. Therefore, oral contraception may increase the biological activity of the IL-22 system in PCOS patients.
PurposePolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with alterations in gut microbiota. The cytokine interleukin-22 (IL-22) is produced by immune cells and closely linked to gut immunity, which is tightly controlled by its binding protein (IL-22BP). In this study, we aimed to assess whether IL-22/IL-22BP axis is altered in PCOS at baseline and in response to short-term oral contraceptive (OC) therapy.MethodsWe have evaluated circulating concentrations of IL-22 and IL-22BP in serum samples of 63 PCOS patients and 39 age- and BMI-matched healthy controls. Blood samples were taken in the early follicular phase of a cycle and stored at -80 degrees C. Serum IL-22 and IL-22BP levels were measured by ELISA at baseline in both women with PCOS and controls, and after 3 months of OC use in PCOS group. IL-22/IL-22BP ratio was calculated in order to have a better reflection of IL-22 biological activity.ResultsAt baseline, serum IL-22, IL-22BP concentrations and IL22/IL-22BP ratio were similar between women with PCOS and healthy controls. Three months of OC use along with general lifestyle advice resulted in a significant increase in IL-22/IL-22BP ratio in the PCOS group (62.4 [IQR:14.7-172.7] at baseline vs 73.8 [IQR:15.1-264.3] after OC use respectively p = 0.011).ConclusionsResults of this study show that women with PCOS have similar circulating concentrations of IL-22 and IL-22BP with healthy women and that short term oral contraception is associated with an increase in IL-22/IL-22BP ratio suggesting higher biological activity of the IL-22 system with OC use in PCOS.

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