A new airborne broadband radiometer system and an efficient method to correct dynamic thermal offsets

The instrumentation of the High Altitude and Long Range (HALO) research aircraft is extended by the new Broadband AirCrAft RaDiometer Instrumentation (BACARDI) to quantify the radiative energy budget. Two sets of pyranometers and pyrgeometers are mounted to measure upward and downward solar (0.3-3 mu m) and thermal-infrared (3-100 mu m) irradiances. The radiometers are installed in a passively ventilated fairing to reduce the effects of the dynamic environment, e.g., fast changes in altitude and temperature. The remaining thermal effects range up to 20 W m(-2) for the pyranometers and 10 W m(-2) for the pyrgeometers. Using data collected by BACARDI during a night flight, it is demonstrated that the dynamic components of the offsets can be parameterized by the rate of change of the radiometer sensor temperatures, providing a greatly simplifying correction of the dynamic thermal effects. The parameterization provides a linear correction function (200-500 W m(-2) K-1 s) that depends on the radiometer type and the mounting position of the radiometer on HALO. Furthermore, BACARDI measurements from the EUREC4A (Elucidating the Role of Clouds-Circulation Coupling in Climate) field campaign are analyzed to characterize the performance of the radiometers and to evaluate all corrections applied in the data processing. Vertical profiles of irradiance measurements up to 10 km altitude show that the thermal offset correction limits the bias due to temperature changes to values below 10 W m(-2). Measurements with BACARDI during horizontal, circular flight patterns in cloud-free conditions demonstrate that the common geometric attitude correction of the solar downward irradiance provides reliable measurements in this typical flight section of EUREC(4)A, even without active stabilization of the radiometer.

Automated summary

The HALO research aircraft's instrumentation is expanded by the BACARDI to measure radiative energy budget. Two sets of pyranometers and pyrgeometers are installed to measure solar and thermal-infrared irradiances. The BACARDI measurements show that dynamic thermal effects can be corrected by parameterizing the rate of change of radiometer sensor temperatures. The measurements also demonstrate the reliability of common geometric attitude correction of solar downward irradiance.