Journal
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VISUALIZATION AND COMPUTER GRAPHICS
Volume 29, Issue 5, Pages 2680-2689Publisher
IEEE COMPUTER SOC
DOI: 10.1109/TVCG.2023.3247046
Keywords
Virtual reality; Transportation; Power system reliability; X reality; Virtual environments; Solid modeling; Psychology; Plausibility; presence; congruence; mixed reality; virtual reality; augmented reality; spatial presence
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This paper investigates the impact of incongruencies on different information processing layers in Virtual and Augmented Reality experiences. The study found that incongruencies in sensation/perception significantly affected perceived plausibility and spatial presence ratings. However, in cases of incongruent cognition, these effects were enhanced.
Mixed Reality (MR) applications along Milgram's Reality-Virtuality (RV) continuum motivated a number of recent theories on potential constructs and factors describing MR experiences. This paper investigates the impact of incongruencies that are processed on different information processing layers (i.e., sensation/perception and cognition layer) to provoke breaks in plausibility. It examines the effects on spatial and overall presence as prominent constructs of Virtual Reality (VR). We developed a simulated maintenance application to test virtual electrical devices. Participants performed test operations on these devices in a counterbalanced, randomized 2x2 between-subject design in either VR as congruent or Augmented Reality (AR) as incongruent on the sensation/perception layer. Cognitive incongruence was induced by the absence of traceable power outages, decoupling perceived cause and effect after activating potentially defective devices. Our results indicate that the effects of the power outages differ significantly in the perceived plausibility and spatial presence ratings between VR and AR. Both ratings decreased for the AR condition (incongruent sensation/perception) compared to VR (congruent sensation/perception) for the congruent cognitive case but increased for the incongruent cognitive case. The results are discussed and put into perspective in the scope of recent theories of MR experiences.
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