Recent Advances on Fluorescence-based Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Due to advantages in high -throughput, easy reading, simple operation and low cost, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) plays an important role in environmental monitoring, food safety testing and medical diagnosis. However, the insufficient chromogenic part of ELISA results in high detection limit, which limits the further application of ELISA in analysis and detection. To overcome this issue, the conventional ELISA has been improved by many methods. Among them, the fluorometric method has attracted widespread attention given its high sensitivity, simple operation, and fast response. Recently, a variety of fluorescent materials have been developed to construct different types of ELISA, which promotes the application of ELISA in analytical chemistry and biomedical detection. In this paper, the ELISA constructed by fluorescent materials such as organic small molecules, silicon/carbon nanoparticles, metal nanoclusters, and quantum dots was introduced in detail. Additionally, different enzymes in ELISA, including alkaline phosphatase, horseradish peroxidase and other enzyme as labeling enzymes, were systematically reviewed. Furthermore, the prospects of ELISA based on different fluorescent materials were also discussed.

Automated summary

Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) plays a crucial role in environmental monitoring, food safety testing, and medical diagnosis due to its high-throughput, easy reading, simple operation, and low cost. However, the conventional ELISA suffers from a high detection limit, limiting its application in analysis and detection. To overcome this issue, various fluorescent materials have been developed, such as organic small molecules, silicon/carbon nanoparticles, metal nanoclusters, and quantum dots, to construct ELISA with improved performance. Different labeling enzymes, including alkaline phosphatase and horseradish peroxidase, have also been reviewed. The prospects of ELISA based on different fluorescent materials are discussed.