Cilia and electroosmosis induced double diffusive transport of hybrid nanofluids through microchannel and entropy analysis

A mathematical model is presented to analyze the double diffusive transport of hybrid nanofluids in microchannel. The hybrid nanofluids flow is driven by the cilia beating and electroosmosis in the presence of radiation effects and activation energy. Cu-CuO/blood hybrid nanofluids are considered for this analysis. Phase difference in the beatings of mimetic cilia arrays emerge symmetry breaking pump walls to control the fluid stream. Analytical solutions for the governing equations are derived under the assumptions of Debye-Huckel linearization, lubrication, and Rosseland approximation. Dimensional analysis has also been considered for applying the suitable approximations. Entropy analysis is also performed to examine the heat transfer irreversibility and Bejan number. Moreover, trapping phenomena are discussed based on the contour plots of the stream function. From the results, it is noted that an escalation in fluid velocity occurs with the rise in slippage effects near the wall surface. Entropy inside the pump can be eased with the provision of activation energy input or by the consideration of the radiated fluid in the presence of electroosmosis. The results of the present study can be applicable to develop the emerging thermofluidic systems which can further be utilized for the heat and mass transfer at micro level.

Automated summary

A mathematical model is proposed to study the transport of hybrid nanofluids in microchannels. The study takes into account factors such as cilia beating, electroosmosis, radiation effects, and activation energy. Analytical solutions for the governing equations are derived using various assumptions and approximations. The study also includes entropy analysis and discusses trapping phenomena. The results have potential applications in the development of thermofluidic systems for microscale heat and mass transfer.