Journal
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT
Volume 72, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TIM.2023.3244851
Keywords
Frequency measurement; Microcontrollers; Capacitance; Logic gates; Oscillators; Capacitance measurement; Capacitive sensors; Arduino micro; capacitance-to-frequency converter; capacitive sensor; microcontroller; relaxation oscillator
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A complete smart capacitive sensor solution based on a microcontroller was developed, including the hardware and software. The hardware part consists of an 8-bit microcontroller with timers/counters and a stable RC relaxation oscillator. The software part handles system configuration, measurement control, communication control, and data processing. The microcontroller acts as a frequency meter, while the relaxation oscillator generates a square wave based on the sensor capacitance. The article also proposes a calibration method reducing the measurement range to 1 pF. The experimentally proven relative measurement errors for sensor capacitance are less than 0.012% for values smaller than 12 pF, and less than 0.0084% for values from 12 to 300 pF.
A complete smart capacitive sensor solution based on a microcontroller was developed. This approach includes the development of both the hardware and software. The hardware part comprises an 8-bit microcontroller equipped with two timers/counters and a three-gate stable RC relaxation oscillator. The software part handles system configuration, measurement control, communication control, and data processing. Hence, the microcontroller acts as a frequency meter with an adaptive measuring time, and the relaxation oscillator generates a square wave with a frequency depending on the value of the capacitance of the sensor. The article also proposes a calibration method that reduces the measurement range to 1 pF. The experimentally proven relative measurement errors of sensor capacitance are less than 0.012% for values smaller than 12 pF, and less than 0.0084% for values from 12 to 300 pF.
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