Non-covalent interactions in neutral and oxidized tetrathiafulvalenes

Tetrathiafulvalenes (TTFs) functionalized with groups able to increase non-covalent intermolecular interactions through either hydrogen, halogen or chalcogen bonding were investigated. For that purpose, we designed several appropriate precursors, fused dithiole-2-one/thiazoles, which under homocoupling led to symmetrically substituted TTFs or through heterocoupling to dissymmetrically substituted TTFs. The electrochemical investigations allowed the assessment of the electronic effect of these substituents on the overall donating ability of the TTFs. In addition two charge transfer salts have been prepared involving two of these TTFs with TCNQF(4) as the electron acceptor, (4c)(2)(TCNQF(4)) and (4b)(TCNQF(4)). Furthermore the crystal structures of the neutral TTFs and of the charge transfer salts allowed us to study the stacking mode and the different non-covalent interactions taking place in the crystals, in connection with the calculated electrostatic surface potential (ESP) of the investigated molecules. All the data provide information about non-covalent bonding interactions in the solid state and about their potential contribution to direct to some extent crystallographic intermolecular organization.

Automated summary

Tetrathiafulvalenes (TTFs) were functionalized with groups that enhance non-covalent intermolecular interactions. The study involved designing appropriate precursors and assessing the electronic effect of the substituents on the overall donating ability of the TTFs. Charge transfer salts were prepared and their crystal structures were analyzed to understand the stacking mode and non-covalent interactions in the solid state.