Journal
CURRENT OPINION IN VIROLOGY
Volume 16, Issue -, Pages 86-94Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2016.01.015
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Funding
- Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES/Brazil) [BEX 11303/13-1]
- German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) [PKZ A/13/71732]
- German Research Foundation (DFG) [SPP 1596, DR 810/1-1]
- intramural funding at the University of Bonn [BONFOR 2015-5-07]
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The origin of primate HBV (family Hepadnaviridae) is unknown. Hepadnaviruses are ancient pathogens and may have been associated with old mammalian lineages like bats for prolonged time. Indeed, the genetic diversity of bat hepadnaviruses exceeds that of extant hepadnaviruses in other host orders, suggesting a long evolution of hepadnaviruses in bats. Strikingly, a recently detected New World bat hepadnavirus is antigenically related to HBV and can infect human hepatocytes. Together with genetically diverse hepadnaviruses from New World rodents and a non-human primate, these viruses argue for a New World origin of ancestral orthohepadnaviruses. Multiple host switches of bat and primate viruses are evident and bats are likely sources of ancestral hepadnaviruses acquired by primates.
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