☆ 4.6 Review

Reconfigurable Liquid-Bodied Miniature Machines: Magnetic Control and Microrobotic Applications

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Directional Droplet Transport on Functional Surfaces with Superwettabilities

Pin Lv et al.

Summary: Directional droplet transport on smart surfaces with superwettabilities has attracted extensive attention in healthcare, environmental protection, and energy harvesting for its exciting applications. Progress has been made in mechanism disclosure, device preparation, and applied investigation, with various droplet transport schemes being summarized and cutting-edge applications reviewed. Current challenges and future perspectives in this field are discussed for further development.

ADVANCED MATERIALS INTERFACES (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Effect of body stiffness distribution on larval fish-like efficient undulatory swimming

Tianlu Wang et al.

Summary: In this study, a class of untethered soft milliswimmers was developed with a magnetic composite head and a passive elastic body, achieving larval zebrafish-like undulatory swimming. The research findings indicate that the efficiency of these robots is influenced by the k value, with uniform k and high swimming frequency contributing to improved efficiency.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2021)

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Article Robotics

Voxelated three-dimensional miniature magnetic soft machines via multimaterial heterogeneous assembly

Jiachen Zhang et al.

Summary: This research introduces a bottom-up assembly-based 3D microfabrication approach to create complex 3D miniature wireless magnetic soft machines at the milli-and sub-millimeter scale. These machines have diverse characteristics, such as programmable shape morphing, complex stiffness distribution, and directional joint bending, which are significant for biomedical applications.

SCIENCE ROBOTICS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Ferromagnetic Liquid Droplet on a Superhydrophobic Surface for the Transduction of Mechanical Energy to Electricity Based on Electromagnetic Induction

Zheng Ma et al.

Summary: Ferromagnetic liquids can be used as an energy transducer from mechanical force to electricity by moving droplets across a coil under an external magnetic field. A superhydrophobic support was introduced to reduce adhesion between the liquid and solid surfaces, creating a ferromagnetic liquid droplet-based magnetoelectric energy transducer. This device shows potential for converting vibrational energy to electricity, and can even be used for self-powered light buoys floating on water surfaces.

ACS NANO (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Enzyme-Powered Liquid Metal Nanobots Endowed with Multiple Biomedical Functions

Dandan Xu et al.

Summary: The study proposes enzyme-powered liquid metal nanobots with multiple therapeutic functions and imaging signals. These nanobots exhibit positive chemotaxis along a concentration gradient of urea and achieve synergistic antibacterial treatment through both photothermal and chemotherapeutic effects.

ACS NANO (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Magnetic Dynamic Polymers for Modular Assembling and Reconfigurable Morphing Architectures

Xiao Kuang et al.

Summary: The magnetic dynamic polymer (MDP) composite, consisting of hard-magnetic microparticles in a dynamic polymer network, enables functionalities such as magnetization reprogramming, targeted welding for magnetic-assisted assembly, and permanent structural reconfiguration, providing potential for manufacturing functional soft architected materials.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Materials and Schemes of Multimodal Reconfigurable Micro/Nanomachines and Robots: Review and Perspective

Hyungmok Joh et al.

Summary: Mechanically programmable, reconfigurable micro/nanoscale materials have attracted great interest in the science community due to their unprecedented potentials. Various designs of hard and soft materials, as well as actuation schemes based on different mechanisms, have been reported.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Biodegradable Small-Scale Swimmers for Biomedical Applications

Joaquin Llacer-Wintle et al.

Summary: Research on biodegradable micro- and nanoswimmers is at the forefront of developing small-scale devices with the ability to degrade and either blend in with healthy tissues or be cleared from the body. These devices are seen as minimally invasive tools for precision healthcare applications.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Automation & Control Systems

Integrated Locomotion and Deformation of a Magnetic Soft Robot: Modeling, Control, and Experiments

Fanxing Kong et al.

Summary: This article introduces a magnetic soft robot made of ferrofluid that can achieve integrated locomotion and deformation. Motion controllers are proposed based on feedback linearization and frequency-domain test results, and an extended state observer is designed to reduce perturbation from model uncertainties. Experiments show that the robot is capable of performing complex tasks.

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Physical

Critical Review on the Physical Properties of Gallium-Based Liquid Metals and Selected Pathways for Their Alteration

Stephan Handschuh-Wang et al.

Summary: Gallium-based liquid metals have unique properties such as high surface tension, density anomaly, high electrical and thermal conductivity. Despite numerous reports on the physical properties of gallium-based liquid metals, there is significant scatter and inconsistency among the findings. It is necessary to compile literature data, identify general relationships, and address inconsistencies to provide science-based values for researchers.

JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Surface Tension of the Oxide Skin of Gallium-Based Liquid Metals

Stephan Handschuh-Wang et al.

Summary: This article explores the surface tension of gallium-based alloys, determining it to be independent of substrate surface or liquid metal used. By using gradually attenuated vibrations and the puddle height method, the researchers were able to analyze equilibrium shapes and attribute the similarity of surface tension among different alloys to the composition of the oxide skin. The findings suggest potential application of this method to other liquid metal alloys and systems for modeling, simulation, and optimization processes.

LANGMUIR (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Soft-bodied adaptive multimodal locomotion strategies in fluid-filled confined spaces

Ziyu Ren et al.

Summary: Various control and performance enhancement strategies proposed in this study enable sheet-shaped soft millirobots to achieve multimodal locomotion and navigate fluid-filled confined spaces with ease.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Liquid Metal Transformable Machines

Hongzhang Wang et al.

Summary: Liquid metals, with their unique transforming capabilities, hold great promise for future soft robotics design and are evolving into new forms of soft robots with potential applications in various fields.

ACCOUNTS OF MATERIALS RESEARCH (2021)

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Review Automation & Control Systems

Tailoring Flexible Arrays for Artificial Cilia Actuators

Xiaoxuan Zhang et al.

Summary: Artificial cilia actuators are responsive and actuatable arrays made of flexible polymers. They mimic the features and functions of natural cilia, and have the abilities to react to various stimuli and perform multiple functions. Significant progress has been made in optimizing fabrication methods, expanding actuation approaches, and promoting applications in forefront fields.

ADVANCED INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS (2021)

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Review Automation & Control Systems

Interfacial Tension Modulation of Liquid Metal via Electrochemical Oxidation

Minyung Song et al.

Summary: Recent studies have shown that electrochemical oxidation can significantly decrease the interfacial tension of liquid metals, from approximately 500 mN m(-1) at 0 V to approximately 0 mN m(-1) at less than 1 V. This reversible and controllable change in tension surpasses what is achievable through conventional electrocapillarity or surfactants. The report aims to introduce beginners to this field, clarify misconceptions, and discuss applications and future challenges related to modulating the interfacial tension of liquid metals.

ADVANCED INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS (2021)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

A Novel Ferrofluid Rolling Robot: Design, Manufacturing, and Experimental Analysis

Dezheng Hua et al.

Summary: This article proposes a new locomotion approach of a magnetic robot, detailing its structure and locomotion mechanism by studying the drive performance of ferrofluid. Experimental results demonstrate that the magnetic robot can automatically switch its locomotion mode in an external magnetic field, and its performance is in good agreement with theoretical models.

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Bioinspired magnetically driven liquid manipulation as microrobot

Yifan Si et al.

Summary: This study presents a magnetically driven liquid manipulation strategy that offers high precision and versatility in applications such as microfluidic transport, medical diagnostics, and chemical analysis. The method pushes the boundaries of traditional liquid manipulation techniques by allowing diverse operations in various environments with high control accuracy.

CELL REPORTS PHYSICAL SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Core -shell magnetic nanoparticles for substrate -Independent super- amphiphobic surfaces and mechanochemically robust liquid marbles

Liming Liu et al.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2020)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Liquid Metal-Based Soft Microfluidics

Lifei Zhu et al.

SMALL (2020)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Disassembly and spreading of magnetic nanoparticle clusters on uneven surfaces

Qianqian Wang et al.

APPLIED MATERIALS TODAY (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Reconfiguration, Camouflage, and Color-Shifting for Bioinspired Adaptive Hydrogel-Based Millirobots

Xuemin Du et al.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2020)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Magnetically actuated miniature walking soft robot based on chained magnetic microparticles-embedded elastomer

Sadaf Ijaz et al.

SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Programmable droplet manipulation by a magnetic-actuated robot

An Li et al.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2020)

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Article Robotics

A ferrobotic system for automated microfluidic logistics

Wenzhuo Yu et al.

SCIENCE ROBOTICS (2020)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

One-Pot Preparation of Fluorine-Free Magnetic Superhydrophobic Particles for Controllable Liquid Marbles and Robust Multifunctional Coatings

Ruofei Zhu et al.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Ferrofluid Droplets as Liquid Microrobots with Multiple Deformabilities

Xinjian Fan et al.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2020)

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Article Automation & Control Systems

Modeling and Motion Control of a Liquid Metal Droplet in a Fluidic Channel

Jie Xie et al.

IEEE-ASME TRANSACTIONS ON MECHATRONICS (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Pumping of Ionic Liquids by Liquid Metal-Enabled Electrocapillary Flow under DC-Biased AC Forcing

Rui Xue et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS INTERFACES (2020)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Programmable Digital Liquid Metal Droplets in Reconfigurable Magnetic Fields

Xiangpeng Li et al.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Reconfigurable Assembly of Active Liquid Metal Colloidal Cluster

Zesheng Li et al.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Core@Satellite Janus Nanomotors with pH-Responsive Multi-phoretic Propulsion

Yi Xing et al.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2020)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Liquid metal droplet robot

Fangxia Li et al.

APPLIED MATERIALS TODAY (2020)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Medical Imaging of Microrobots: Toward In Vivo Applications

Azaam Aziz et al.

ACS NANO (2020)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Shape morphing smart 3D actuator materials for micro soft robot

Hyun Kim et al.

MATERIALS TODAY (2020)

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Review Multidisciplinary Sciences

Directional liquid dynamics of interfaces with superwettability

Haoyu Dai et al.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2020)

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Article Robotics

An agglutinate magnetic spray transforms inanimate objects into millirobots for biomedical applications

Xiong Yang et al.

SCIENCE ROBOTICS (2020)

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Article Robotics

Fast and programmable locomotion of hydrogel-metal hybrids under light and magnetic fields

Chuang Li et al.

SCIENCE ROBOTICS (2020)

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Article Automation & Control Systems

Recent Advances in Motion Control of Micro/Nanomotors

Qingliang Yang et al.

ADVANCED INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Reconfigurable multifunctional ferrofluid droplet robots

Xinjian Fan et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2020)

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Article Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence

Enabling the future of colonoscopy with intelligent and autonomous magnetic manipulation

James W. Martin et al.

NATURE MACHINE INTELLIGENCE (2020)

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Review Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Liquid Metal Composites

Sen Chen et al.

MATTER (2020)

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Article Automation & Control Systems

Surface Deformation Control of a Ferrofluid-Based Robotic Sheet for Object Handling

Tadayuki Tone et al.

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING (2019)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Shape-directed rotation of homogeneous micromotors via catalytic self-electrophoresis

Allan M. Brooks et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2019)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

On-Demand Coalescence and Splitting of Liquid Marbles and Their Bioapplications

Ben Wang et al.

ADVANCED SCIENCE (2019)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Reconfigurable ferromagnetic liquid droplets

Xubo Liu et al.

SCIENCE (2019)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Multifunctional Magnetocontrollable Superwettable-Microcilia Surface for Directional Droplet Manipulation

Shuang Ben et al.

ADVANCED SCIENCE (2019)

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Article Robotics

Millimeter-scale flexible robots with programmable three-dimensional magnetization and motions

Tianqi Xu et al.

SCIENCE ROBOTICS (2019)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Magnetically Controllable Liquid Metal Marbles

Rui Chen et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS INTERFACES (2019)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Phoretic Liquid Metal Micro/Nanomotors as Intelligent Filler for Targeted Microwelding

Yong Wang et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2019)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Flexible Ferrofluids: Design and Applications

Xiaoxuan Zhang et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2019)

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Article Physics, Applied

Electrochemically controllable actuation of liquid metal droplets based on Marangoni effect

Guangyong Li et al.

JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS (2019)

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Article Mechanics

Magnetic field induced ferrofluid droplet breakup in a simple shear flow at a low Reynolds number

Md Rifat Hassan et al.

PHYSICS OF FLUIDS (2019)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Magnetically Powered Shape-Transformable Liquid Metal Micromotors

Min Liu et al.

SMALL (2019)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Collective Behavior of Reconfigurable Magnetic Droplets via Dynamic Self-Assembly

Qianqian Wang et al.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2019)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Droplets as Carriers for Flexible Electronic Devices

Mingxing Zhou et al.

ADVANCED SCIENCE (2019)

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Article Thermodynamics

Deformation of ferrofluid floating drop under the action of magnetic field as method of interface tension measurement

C. Khokhryakova (Bushueva) et al.

EXPERIMENTAL THERMAL AND FLUID SCIENCE (2019)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Electric Actuation of Liquid Metal Droplets in Acidified Aqueous Electrolyte

Stephan Handschuh-Wang et al.

LANGMUIR (2019)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Light-Induced Shape Morphing of Liquid Metal Nanodroplets Enabled by Polydopamine Coating

Tiansheng Gan et al.

SMALL (2019)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Adaptive locomotion of artificial microswimmers

H. -W. Huang et al.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2019)

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Review Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Liquid Metal Based Soft Robotics: Materials, Designs, and Applications

Xuelin Wang et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES (2019)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Magnetically- and Electrically-Controllable Functional Liquid Metal Droplets

Fangxia Li et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES (2019)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Magnetic Liquid Metals Manipulated in the Three-Dimensional Free Space

Liang Hu et al.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2019)

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Article Automation & Control Systems

Liquid Metal Gallium Micromachines Speed Up in Confining Channels

Daolin Wang et al.

ADVANCED INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS (2019)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Magnetically Responsive Superhydrophobic Surface: In Situ Reversible Switching of Water Droplet Wettability and Adhesion for Droplet Manipulation

Chao Yang et al.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2018)

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Review Chemistry, Physical

Wetting of ferrofluids: Phenomena and control

Mika Latikka et al.

CURRENT OPINION IN COLLOID & INTERFACE SCIENCE (2018)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Ferrofluidic actuation of liquid metal for radio-frequency applications

A. W. Combs et al.

ELECTRONICS LETTERS (2018)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Dynamics of Ferrofluid Drops on Magnetically Patterned Surfaces

C. Rigoni et al.

LANGMUIR (2018)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

Programmable droplet manipulation by combining a superhydrophobic magnetic film and an electromagnetic pillar array

Chao Yang et al.

SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL (2018)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

Automatic magnetic manipulation of droplets on an open surface using a superhydrophobic electromagnet needle

Chao Yang et al.

SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL (2018)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Shape evolution and splitting of ferrofluid droplets on a hydrophobic surface in the presence of a magnetic field

U. Banerjee et al.

SOFT MATTER (2018)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Magnetic steering of liquid metal mobiles

Hao Liu et al.

SOFT MATTER (2018)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

PLUS-M: a Porous Liquid-metal enabled Ubiquitous Soft Material

Hongzhang Wang et al.

MATERIALS HORIZONS (2018)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Shape-Transformable, Fusible Rodlike Swimming Liquid Metal Nanomachine

Daolin Wang et al.

ACS NANO (2018)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Materials and Structures toward Soft Electronics

Chunfeng Wang et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2018)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Printing ferromagnetic domains for untethered fast-transforming soft materials

Yoonho Kim et al.

NATURE (2018)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Small-scale soft-bodied robot with multimodal locomotion

Wenqi Hu et al.

NATURE (2018)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A bioinspired multilegged soft millirobot that functions in both dry and wet conditions

Haojian Lu et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2018)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

A Wheeled Robot Driven by a Liquid-Metal Droplet

Jian Wu et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2018)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

High-speed transport of liquid droplets in magnetic tubular microactuators

Wenwei Lei et al.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2018)

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Article Biochemical Research Methods

In vivo quantification of spatially varying mechanical properties in developing tissues

Friedhelm Serwane et al.

NATURE METHODS (2017)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Extremely Stretchable Strain Sensors Based on Conductive Self-Healing Dynamic Cross-Links Hydrogels for Human-Motion Detection

Guofa Cai et al.

ADVANCED SCIENCE (2017)

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Article Robotics

On-Demand Disassembly of Paramagnetic Nanoparticle Chains for Microrobotic Cargo Delivery

Jiangfan Yu et al.

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ROBOTICS (2017)

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Article Biochemical Research Methods

On-demand magnetic manipulation of liquid metal in microfluidic channels for electrical switching applications

Jinpyo Jeon et al.

LAB ON A CHIP (2017)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Liquid marble interaction gate for collision-based computing

Thomas C. Draper et al.

MATERIALS TODAY (2017)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Dynamic behaviour of a magnetically actuated floating liquid marble

Mei Kum Khaw et al.

MICROFLUIDICS AND NANOFLUIDICS (2017)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

Magnetic field assisted droplet manipulation on a soot-wax coated superhydrophobic surface of a PDMS-iron particle composite substrate

S. Damodara et al.

SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL (2017)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Light-driven liquid metal nanotransformers for biomedical theranostics

Svetlana A. Chechetka et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2017)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Gallium-Based Liquid Metal Amalgams: Transitional-State Metallic Mixtures (TransM2ixes) with Enhanced and Tunable Electrical, Thermal, and Mechanical Properties

Jianbo Tang et al.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2017)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

Amorphous liquid metal electrodes enabled conformable electrochemical therapy of tumors

Xuyang Sun et al.

BIOMATERIALS (2017)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Stretchable and Soft Electronics using Liquid Metals

Michael D. Dickey

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2017)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Spinning Liquid Marble and Its Dual Applications as Microcentrifuge and Miniature Localized Viscometer

Xuemei Han et al.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2016)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Fast Responsive and Controllable Liquid Transport on a Magnetic Fluid/Nanoarray Composite Interface

Dongliang Tian et al.

ACS NANO (2016)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Manipulation of Liquid Metals on a Graphite Surface

Liang Hu et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2016)

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Article Physics, Multidisciplinary

Geometrical Performance of Self-Phoretic Colloids and Microswimmers

Amir Nourhani et al.

PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS (2016)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Ionic imbalance induced self-propulsion of liquid metals

Ali Zavabeti et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2016)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Soft micromachines with programmable motility and morphology

Hen-Wei Huang et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2016)

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Article Materials Science, Biomaterials

Self-propelled liquid metal motors steered by a magnetic or electrical field for drug delivery

Jie Zhang et al.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY B (2016)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Pressure-sensitive adhesive powder

S. Fujii et al.

MATERIALS HORIZONS (2016)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Particles at Oil-Air Surfaces: Powdered Oil, Liquid Oil Marbles, and Oil Foam

Bernard P. Binks et al.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2015)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Self-Fueled Biomimetic Liquid Metal Mollusk

Jie Zhang et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2015)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Vapour-mediated sensing and motility in two-component droplets

N. J. Cira et al.

NATURE (2015)

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Review Multidisciplinary Sciences

Design, fabrication and control of soft robots

Daniela Rus et al.

NATURE (2015)

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Review Chemistry, Physical

Liquid marbles: topical context within soft matter and recent progress

G. McHale et al.

SOFT MATTER (2015)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Autonomous convergence and divergence of the self-powered soft liquid metal vehicles

Jie Zhang et al.

SCIENCE BULLETIN (2015)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Magnetic Liquid Marbles: Toward Lab in a Droplet

Yan Zhao et al.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2015)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Colloidal Superstructures Programmed into Magnetic Janus Particles

Jing Yan et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2015)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Liquid Metal Actuator for Inducing Chaotic Advection

Shi-Yang Tang et al.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2014)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Plasmonic Liquid Marbles: A Miniature Substrate- less SERS Platform for Quantitative and Multiplex Ultratrace Molecular Detection**

Hiang Kwee Lee et al.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2014)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Liquid metal enabled pump

Shi-Yang Tang et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2014)

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Review Chemistry, Physical

Recent progress in ferrofluids research: novel applications of magnetically controllable and tunable fluids

I. Torres-Diaz et al.

SOFT MATTER (2014)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Liquid Metal Marbles

Vijay Sivan et al.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2013)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Full-Range Magnetic Manipulation of Droplets via Surface Energy Traps Enables Complex Bioassays

Yi Zhang et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2013)

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Article Physics, Applied

Photochemically induced motion of liquid metal marbles

Xinke Tang et al.

APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS (2013)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Bioinspired Multifunctional Janus Particles for Droplet Manipulation

Yuanjin Zhao et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2013)

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Article Biochemical Research Methods

Serial dilution via surface energy trap-assisted magnetic droplet manipulation

Yi Zhang et al.

LAB ON A CHIP (2013)

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Editorial Material Multidisciplinary Sciences

Droplets Out of Equilibrium

Thomas M. Hermans et al.

SCIENCE (2013)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Switchable Static and Dynamic Self-Assembly of Magnetic Droplets on Superhydrophobic Surfaces

Jaakko V. I. Timonen et al.

SCIENCE (2013)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Characterization of Nontoxic Liquid-Metal Alloy Galinstan for Applications in Microdevices

Tingyi Liu et al.

JOURNAL OF MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS (2012)

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Article Biology

Leeches run cold, then hot

Ann M. Petersen et al.

BIOLOGY LETTERS (2011)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Magnetic Liquid Marbles: Manipulation of Liquid Droplets Using Highly Hydrophobic Fe3O4 Nanoparticles

Yan Zhao et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2010)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Magnetic Liquid Marbles: A Precise Miniature Reactor

Yuhua Xue et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2010)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Liquid marble for gas sensing

Junfei Tian et al.

CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS (2010)

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Article Physics, Fluids & Plasmas

Magnetoviscosity in dilute ferrofluids from rotational Brownian dynamics simulations

D. Soto-Aquino et al.

PHYSICAL REVIEW E (2010)

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Article Instruments & Instrumentation

GaInSn usage in the research laboratory

N. B. Morley et al.

REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS (2008)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Analysis of local deformation in indented Ensis siliqua mollusk shells using Raman spectroscopy

David J. Scurr et al.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH (2006)

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Review Physics, Condensed Matter

Recent progress in magnetic fluid research

S Odenbach

JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER (2004)

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Article Physics, Fluids & Plasmas

Ferrohydrodynamics: Testing a third magnetization equation

MI Shliomis

PHYSICAL REVIEW E (2001)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Liquid marbles

P Aussillous et al.

NATURE (2001)

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