Journal
CELL REPORTS
Volume 14, Issue 7, Pages 1655-1661Publisher
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.01.026
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Funding
- Swedish Research Council
- Torsten Soderberg foundation
- Ragnar Soderberg foundation
- IngaBritt and Arne Lundberg's foundation
- Novo Nordisk Foundation
- Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research
- Knut and Alice Wallenberg foundation
- Region Vastra Gotaland
- Sahlgrenska University Hospital
- Lundbeck Foundation [R126-2012-12408]
- Swedish Environmental Protection Agency
- Norwegian Environment Agency
- Swedish Association for Hunting and Wildlife Management
- WWF Sweden
- Research Council of Norway
- ERC Consolidator Grant (European Research Council) [615362]
- Scandinavian Brown Bear Research Project [199]
- Lundbeck Foundation [R194-2015-1108, R126-2012-12408] Funding Source: researchfish
- NNF Center for Basic Metabolic Research [Bäckhed Group] Funding Source: researchfish
- Novo Nordisk Fonden [NNF13OC0008163] Funding Source: researchfish
- European Research Council (ERC) [615362] Funding Source: European Research Council (ERC)
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Hibernation is an adaptation that helps many animals to conserve energy during food shortage in winter. Brown bears double their fat depots during summer and use these stored lipids during hibernation. Although bears seasonally become obese, they remain metabolically healthy. We analyzed the microbiota of free-ranging brown bears during their active phase and hibernation. Compared to the active phase, hibernation microbiota had reduced diversity, reduced levels of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria, and increased levels of Bacteroidetes. Several metabolites involved in lipid metabolism, including triglycerides, cholesterol, and bile acids, were also affected by hibernation. Transplantation of the bear microbiota from summer and winter to germ-free mice transferred some of the seasonal metabolic features and demonstrated that the summer microbiota promoted adiposity without impairing glucose tolerance, suggesting that seasonal variation in the microbiota may contribute to host energy metabolism in the hibernating brown bear.
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