Journal
CELL REPORTS
Volume 16, Issue 6, Pages 1664-1676Publisher
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.07.005
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Funding
- European Research Council
- Dr. Miriam and Sheldon G. Adelson Medical Research Foundation
- Israel Science Foundation [1284/13]
- Minerva Foundation
- USA-Israel Binational Science Foundation [2011329]
- U.S. Army Medical Research Program [W81XWH-13-1-0308]
- NIH (National Institute of General Medical Sciences [NIGMS]) [8P41GM103481]
- NIH (National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke [NINDS]) [5R01NS041596]
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How can cells sense their own size to coordinate biosynthesis and metabolism with their growth needs? We recently proposed a motor-dependent bidirectional transport mechanism for axon length and cell size sensing, but the nature of the motor-transported size signals remained elusive. Here, we show that motor-dependent mRNA localization regulates neuronal growth and cycling cell size. We found that the RNA-binding protein nucleolin is associated with importin beta 1 mRNA in axons. Perturbation of nucleolin association with kinesins reduces its levels in axons, with a concomitant reduction in axonal importin beta 1 mRNA and protein levels. Strikingly, subcellular sequestration of nucleolin or importin beta 1 enhances axonal growth and causes a subcellular shift in protein synthesis. Similar findings were obtained in fibroblasts. Thus, subcellular mRNA localization regulates size and growth in both neurons and cycling cells.
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