Neuromyelitis Optica: A Case Report From a Radiological Perspective

Review Immunology

Comparisons of clinical phenotype, radiological and laboratory features, and therapy of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder by regions: update and challenges

Caiyun Liu et al.

Summary: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) shows significant variation in epidemiology, clinical features, and management between regions and countries. Current diagnostic criteria need to be reevaluated based on the different clinical patterns observed in various geographical regions. Although progress has been made in treatment, novel therapeutic targets and drugs are needed, especially for patients who are negative for aquaporin-4 antibody and refractory to current treatments.

AUTOIMMUNITY REVIEWS (2022)

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Review Clinical Neurology

New Therapeutic Landscape in Neuromyelitis Optica

Madina Tugizova et al.

Summary: The treatment landscape for patients with NMOSD is becoming more complex with the availability of recent FDA-approved and investigational drugs. Efficacious therapies for AQP4 seropositive NMOSD have been identified, but further investigation is needed for seronegative patients. Reliable biomarkers to guide therapy decisions are urgently required.

CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN NEUROLOGY (2021)

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Review Clinical Neurology

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders

Shabeer Paul et al.

Summary: Over the past two decades, the disease concept of NMOSD has significantly changed with the detection of MOG antibody and the understanding of immune astrocytopathy. The revised diagnostic criteria have widened the clinical spectrum of NMOSD, allowing for earlier diagnosis and prompt initiation of effective immunosuppression for better long-term outcomes. Challenges still remain in treating seronegative NMOSD due to limited treatment options.

JOURNAL OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES (2021)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal