Investigation of trace elements in incisor and molar teeth from two different geographical areas in Sudan using micro-particle induced x-ray emission (μ-PIXE)

Trace elements (TEs) have significant effects on both dental health and human health. Toxic effects are caused by deficiency or excess of TEs. This study was performed to determine levels of toxic and trace elements in incisor and molar teeth sampled from male and female participants residing in the north and south regions of Sudan. The tooth enamel of 18 extracted human teeth was analyzed using particle-induced x-ray emission (mu-PIXE) to determine its elemental profile and distribution. GeoPIXEII software package was used for the analysis of mu-PIXE data. The main elements determined were Na, Mg, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Mn, Fe, Zn, Co, and Sr which were homogeneously distributed in the areas of the tooth enamel mapped with micro-PIXE.

Automated summary

Trace elements have significant effects on both dental health and human health. This study analyzed the levels of toxic and trace elements in teeth from male and female participants in Sudan. The elemental profile and distribution in tooth enamel were determined using mu-PIXE analysis, and the main elements found were Na, Mg, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Mn, Fe, Zn, Co, and Sr.