Journal
CLINICAL SCIENCE
Volume 130, Issue 3, Pages 151-165Publisher
PORTLAND PRESS LTD
DOI: 10.1042/CS20150404
Keywords
cell signalling; NADPH oxidase; oxidative stress; reactive oxygen species; vascular disease
Categories
Funding
- United States Department of Veterans Affairs Biomedical Laboratory Research and Development Program [1BX001729]
- American Heart Association [GRNT12060205]
- Sao Paulo Research Foundation [2013/18300-0, 2009/54764-6, 2013/03520-5, 2013/07937-8]
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico CNPq [475609/2013-1]
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Since its discovery in 1999, a number of studies have evaluated the role of Nox1 NADPH oxidase in the cardiovascular system. Nox1 is activated in vascular cells in response to several different agonists, with its activity regulated at the transcriptional level as well as by NADPH oxidase complex formation, protein stabilization and post-translational modification. Nox1 has been shown to decrease the bioavailability of nitric oxide, transactivate the epidermal growth factor receptor, induce pro-inflammatory signalling, and promote cell migration and proliferation. Enhanced expression and activity of Nox1 under pathologic conditions results in excessive production of reactive oxygen species and dysregulated cellular function. Indeed, studies using genetic models of Nox1 deficiency or overexpression have revealed roles for Nox1 in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases ranging from atherosclerosis to hypertension, restenosis and ischaemia/reperfusion injury. These data suggest that Nox1 is a potential therapeutic target for vascular disease, and drug development efforts are ongoing to identify a specific bioavailable inhibitor of Nox1.
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