Incorporation of g-C3N4 nanosheets and CuO nanoparticles on polyester fabric for the dip-catalytic reduction of 4 nitrophenol

In the present work, we present the preparation of a new emerged heterogeneous catalyst (PE/g-C3N4/CuO) by in situ deposition of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO) over the graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) as the active catalyst and polyester (PE) fabric as the inert support. The synthesized sample (PE/g-C3N4/CuO) dip catalyst was studied by using various analytical techniques (Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy and dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The nanocomposite is utilized as heterogeneous catalysts for the 4-nitrophenol reduction in the presence of NaBH4, in aqueous solutions. According to experimental results, PE/g-C3N4/CuO with a surface of 6 cm(2) (3 cm x 2 cm) demonstrated the catalyst exhibit excellent catalytic activity with 95% reduction efficiency for only 4 min of reaction and an apparent reaction rate constant (K-app) of 0.8027 min(-1). Further evidence that this catalyst based on prepared PE support can be a good contender for long-lasting chemical catalysis comes from the remarkable stability after 10 repetitions reaction cycles without a noticeably loss in catalytic activity. The novelty of this work consists to fabricate of catalyst based of CuO nanoparticles stabilized with g-C3N4 on the surface of an inert substrate PE, which results in an heterogenous dip-catalyst that can be easily introduced and isolated from the reaction solution with good retention of high catalytic performance in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol.

Automated summary

In this study, a novel heterogeneous catalyst (PE/g-C3N4/CuO) was prepared by in situ deposition of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO) over graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) with polyester (PE) fabric as the inert support. The synthesized catalyst was characterized with various analytical techniques. The nanocomposite displayed excellent catalytic activity with 95% reduction efficiency in the 4-nitrophenol reduction reaction. The catalyst also exhibited remarkable stability after 10 repetitions without a noticeable loss in catalytic activity. The novelty of this work lies in the fabrication of a dip-catalyst based on CuO nanoparticles stabilized with g-C3N4 on an inert PE substrate.