Severe Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome in the Setting of In Vitro Fertilization Treatment

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is one of the complications of pharmacological ovarian stimulation used in fertility treatments. This syndrome is characterized by increased vascular permeability secondary to stimulation, resulting in a fluid shift from the intravascular space to the third-space compartments. Patients developing OHSS can experience severe complications, including ascites, pleural effusions, and shock. Here, we present a case of OHSS in the setting of recent transvaginal oocyte retrieval, leading to severe ascites, pleural effusion, and hypotension requiring urgent intervention.

Automated summary

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a complication of fertility treatments that involve pharmacological ovarian stimulation. It is characterized by increased vascular permeability, leading to fluid shift from blood vessels to other compartments. Severe complications of OHSS include ascites, pleural effusions, and shock. This case report describes a patient who developed OHSS after transvaginal oocyte retrieval, resulting in severe ascites, pleural effusion, and hypotension necessitating urgent intervention.