Hydrogen Production Using TiO2-Based Photocatalysts: A Comprehensive Review

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is one of the mostwidely usedphotocatalysts due to its physical and chemical properties. In thisstudy, hydrogen energy production using TiO2- and titanate-basedphotocatalysts is discussed along with the pros and cons. The mechanismof the photocatalysis has been elaborated to pinpoint the photocatalystfor better performance. The chief characteristics and limitationsof the TiO2 photocatalysts have been assessed. Further,TiO2-based photocatalysts modified with a transition metal,transition metal oxide, noble metal, graphitic carbon nitride, graphene,etc. have been reviewed. This study will provide a basic understandingto beginners and detailed knowledge to experts in the field to optimizethe TiO2-based photocatalysts for hydrogen production.

Automated summary

This study discusses the pros and cons of using TiO2- and titanate-based photocatalysts for hydrogen energy production, elucidates the mechanism of photocatalysis for better performance, and assesses the chief characteristics and limitations of TiO2 photocatalysts. Additionally, it reviews TiO2-based photocatalysts modified with various materials such as transition metals, transition metal oxides, noble metals, graphitic carbon nitrides, and graphene. This study provides beginners with a basic understanding while offering detailed knowledge to experts for optimizing TiO2-based photocatalysts for hydrogen production.