Journal
ADVANCES IN NUTRITION
Volume 7, Issue 2, Pages 399-406Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.3945/an.115.010777
Keywords
dietary patterns; eating behavior; obesity; chronobiology; genetics; meal timing; misalignment; clock gene; diabetes; metabolic syndrome
Categories
Funding
- American Society for Nutrition (ASN) Energy and Macronutrient Metabolism Research Interest Section (RIS)
- ASN Nutrition Translation RIS
- Kellogg Company
- PepsiCo, Inc
- United Kingdom Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BB/I008470/1]
- USDA [53-K06-5-10, 58-1950-9-001]
- NIH [R01-HL118601, R01-DK099512]
- BBSRC [BB/I008470/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BB/I008470/1] Funding Source: researchfish
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Chrononutrition is an emerging discipline that builds on the intimate relation between endogenous circadian (24-h) rhythms and metabolism. Circadian regulation of metabolic function can be observed from the level of intracellular biochemistry to whole-organism physiology and even postprandial responses. Recent work has elucidated the metabolic roles of circadian clocks in key metabolic tissues, including liver, pancreas, white adipose, and skeletal muscle. For example, tissue-specific clock disruption in a single peripheral organ can cause obesity or disruption of whole-organism glucose homeostasis. This review explains mechanistic insights gained from transgenic animal studies and how these data are being translated into the study of human genetics and physiology. The principles of chrononutrition have already been demonstrated to improve human weight loss and are likely to benefit the health of individuals with metabolic disease, as well as of the general population.
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