Journal
ACS MACRO LETTERS
Volume 5, Issue 6, Pages 661-665Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.6b00295
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Funding
- NSF [DMR 1501324, CHE-0130903]
- Department of Energy [DE-EE0006702]
- CRP Consortium of Carnegie Mellon University
- Division Of Materials Research
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [1501324] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Well-defined polymer-inorganic hybrid materials were prepared via metal-free surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) with 10-phenylphenothiazine (PhPTZ) as the photocatalyst and 2-bromo-2-phenylacetate initiator tethered to silica surfaces. Initiation efficiency and, hence, graft density were significantly enhanced by this very reactive initiator. The polymerization kinetics, effect of initiator structures, particle sizes, and catalyst concentrations were investigated. Well-defined hybrid particles were prepared at a low catalyst concentration (0.02 mol % or 0.1 mol % to monomer). Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) with number -average molecular weight of 3.65 x 10(4), dispersity of 1.43, and graft density of 0.60 chain/nm(2) was grafted from the surface of silica nanoparticles. The hybrid materials were characterized with size exclusion chromatography (SEC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
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