Extracting model-independent nuclear level densities away from stability

The nuclear level density (NLD) is a fundamental measure of the complex structure of atomic nuclei at relatively high energies. Here we present the first model-independent measurement of the absolute partial NLD for a short-lived nucleus. For this purpose we adapt the recently introduced shape method for beta-decay experiments, providing the shape of the gamma-ray strength function for exotic nuclei. In this work, we show that combining the shape method with the beta-Oslo technique allows for the extraction of the NLD of the populated states without the need for theoretical input. This development opens the way for the extraction of experimental NLDs far from stability with major implications in astrophysical and other applications. We benchmark our approach using data for the stable Ge-76 nucleus, finding excellent agreement with previous experimental results. In addition, we present new experimental data and determine the absolute partial level density for the short-lived Kr-88 nucleus. Our results suggest a fivefold increase in the NLD for the case of Kr-88, compared to the recommended values from semimicroscopic Hartree-Fock Bogoliubov calculations recommended by the RIPL3 nuclear data library. However, our results are in good agreement with other semimicroscopic level density models. We demonstrate the impact of our method on the Kr-87(n,gamma) neutron capture rate and show that our experimental uncertainties for NLDs fulfill the requirements needed for astrophysical calculations predicting r-process abundances.

Automated summary

In this study, a new experimental method combining the shape method and the beta-Oslo technique is developed to measure the nuclear level density (NLD) of short-lived nuclei. The results show a fivefold increase in the NLD for the Kr-88 nucleus compared to theoretical values, with significant implications in astrophysics and other applications.