Glycemic control and its associated factors in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes

- OBJECTIVE: Inadequate glyce-mic control among patients with type 2 diabe-tes is growing worldwide. Earlier research stud-ies investigated the predictors of poor glycemic control among patients with diabetes, but not among hypertensive patients who have type 2 diabetes as a comorbid disease. The aim of this study was to explore the factors associated with poor glycemic control in patients with type 2 di-abetes and hypertension.PATIENTS AND METHODS: In the present retrospective study, the medical records of two major hospitals were used to collect sociodemo-graphic, biomedical, disease and medication-re-lated information about patients with hyper-tension and type 2 diabetes. Binary regression analysis was conducted to find the predictors of the study outcome.RESULTS: The data from 522 patients were collected. High physical activity (OR=2.232; 95% CI: 1.368-3.640; p<0.01), receiving insulin (OR=5.094; 95% CI: 3.213-8.076; p <0.01) or GLP1 receptor agonist (OR=2.057; 95% CI: 1.309-3.231; p<0.01) increased the odds of having controlled blood glucose. Increased age (OR=1.041; 95% CI: 1.013-1.070; p<0.01), elevated high-density lipo-protein (HDL) levels (OR=3.727; 95% CI: 1.959-7.092; p<0.01), and lower triglycerides (TGs) levels (OR=0.918; 95% CI: 0.874-0.965; p<0.01) were also associated with improved glycemic control among the study participants.CONCLUSIONS: Most of the current study participants showed uncontrolled type 2 diabe-tes. Low physical activity, not receiving insulin or GLP1 receptor agonist, younger age, low HDL and high TG levels were independently associ-ated with poor glycemic control. Future inter-ventions should place a strong emphasis on the value of consistent physical activity and a sta-ble lipid profile in enhancing glycemic control, particularly in younger patients and those who are not receiving insulin or GLP1 receptor ago-nist therapy.

Automated summary

This study aimed to explore the factors associated with poor glycemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension. The results showed that low physical activity, not receiving insulin or GLP-1 receptor agonist therapy, younger age, low HDL, and high TG levels were independently related to poor glycemic control. These findings highlight the importance of consistent physical activity and a stable lipid profile in enhancing glycemic control, particularly in younger patients and those not receiving insulin or GLP-1 receptor agonist therapy.