Fully Integrated Cryo-CMOS Spin-to-Digital Readout for Semiconductor Qubits

Review Physics, Applied

Silicon spin qubits from laboratory to industry

Marco De Michielis et al.

Summary: Quantum computation (QC) is a highly challenging quantum technology that could revolutionize data computation by surpassing classical supercomputers in specific applications. To avoid failures, quantum error correction codes are necessary to limit and correct errors. Implementing the surface code requires millions of highly-coherent qubits arranged in a two-dimensional array. Metal-oxide-semiconductor technology is an attractive option for manufacturing such large numbers of high-quality devices. This review focuses on modeling, fabrication aspects, experimental figures of merit, and potential applications of qubits in silicon devices, as well as the role of start-ups and companies in the silicon-based QC era.

JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS (2023)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Cryogenic characterization and modeling of a CMOS floating-gate device for quantum control hardware

Michele Castriotta et al.

Summary: This study provides a solution for the design of configurable analog circuit at low temperatures, enabling precise control of qubits in large-scale quantum computers.

SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS (2022)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Qubits made by advanced semiconductor manufacturing

A. M. J. Zwerver et al.

Summary: Silicon spin qubits can be fabricated using optical lithography and industrial processing in a 300 mm semiconductor manufacturing facility. This approach allows for the production of nanoscale gate patterns with high yield. The quantum dots exhibit good tunnel barrier control, making them suitable for fault-tolerant two-qubit gates.

NATURE ELECTRONICS (2022)

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Proceedings Paper Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture

Fully CMOS integrated programmable charge-to-digital readout operating at cryogenic temperature for semiconductor qubits

Michele Castriotta et al.

Summary: We present a compact CMOS readout electronics for spin qubits based on the single-electron transistor (SET) current measurement. The spin-state to digital conversion is achieved by integrating the current of the SET and feeding it into a programmable threshold comparator, providing a digital output of the qubit state. The experiment shows that our solution achieves microsecond time resolution with a power consumption of 1 mW, and does not require off-chip components.

2022 IEEE SILICON NANOELECTRONICS WORKSHOP (SNW) (2022)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

A Fully Integrated Cryo-CMOS SoC for State Manipulation, Readout, and High-Speed Gate Pulsing of Spin Qubits

Jongseok Park et al.

Summary: This article presents a fully integrated Cryo-CMOS system on chip (SoC) for quantum computing, which includes an RF pulse modulator, a signal generator, a coherent receiver, and DACs. The SoC also integrates a microcontroller for low latency signal processing and increased flexibility in implementing quantum instruction sets.

IEEE JOURNAL OF SOLID-STATE CIRCUITS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences