Combining the advantages of 1,3,4-oxadiazole and tetrazole enables achieving high-energy insensitive materials

Combining the advantages of energetic heterocycles to achieve high-energy insensitive explosives is a significant challenge. Herein, based on high-energy tetrazole rings and highly stable 1,3,4-oxadiazole rings, a series of novel nitrogen rich energetic compounds 5-9 were successfully constructed. The related compounds were fully characterized by EA, FT-IR, NMR, DSC, and MS, and compounds 6-9 were further confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction. Among them, the energetic ion salts 6-8 show high thermal stability (T-dec > 250 ?) and low mechanical sensitivity (IS > 40 J, FS > 360 N), as well as good energy properties (7552-8050 m s(-1), 19.4-23.3 GPa). In particular, the azo compound 9 exhibits competent comprehensive performances (T-dec = 226.2 ?, D = 8502 m s(-1), P = 28.9 GPa, IS = 32 J, FS = 320 N). These results suggest that the strategy of integrating tetrazole and 1,3,4-oxadiazole and employing an azo structure as a bridging unit are effective approaches to construct high-energy insensitive materials.

Automated summary

Combining high-energy tetrazole rings and highly stable 1,3,4-oxadiazole rings, novel nitrogen-rich energetic compounds 5-9 were successfully synthesized. These compounds showed high thermal stability and low mechanical sensitivity, as well as good energy properties. Particularly, compound 9 exhibited excellent comprehensive performance. These results demonstrate that integrating tetrazole and 1,3,4-oxadiazole and employing an azo structure as a bridging unit are effective approaches for constructing high-energy insensitive materials.