Energetic Assessment of Different Paddy Straw Densification Processes

Densification and handling of crop residue, especially paddy straw is a critical issue due to very high moisture content as well as relative humidity and abundant amount. In the present study, different densification processes using field balers and stationary balers were evaluated in chopped and full-length paddy straw. In the study, it was found that minimum energy was required for T1 (50.16 MJ & BULL;t-1) followed by T2 (102.65 MJ & BULL;t-1), T3 (117.57 MJ & BULL;t-1), T4 (144.53 MJ & BULL;t-1) and T5 (152.53 MJ & BULL;t-1). There was a significant (p < 0.0001) variation in energy consumption between the different techniques used in the research. The scented variety of rice is mostly harvested manually. The densification of full-length paddy straw by a hydraulic press type fixed baler was found appropriate with baling capacity (1.13 t & BULL;h-1), lowest energy requirement (50.16 MJ & BULL;t-1), and volume compaction ratio (6.87). In the case of combine harvested paddy, treatment T2 was found most appropriate with maximum field capacity (0.54 ha & BULL;h-1), bailing capacity (4.43 t & BULL;h-1), and volume compaction ratio (5.26). Treatment T2 also has a minimum man-hourtime requirement for straw handling and bailing (3.57 man-h & BULL;t-1) out of which bailing of straw takes 0.44 h & BULL;t-1 and consumes 102.65 MJ & BULL;t-1 energy. Based on the present study the farmer can decide the best densifying method for paddy straw among the selected treatments. Thus, the outcomes of the research will be helpful for the aligned industry as well for the farmer.

Automated summary

In this study, different densification processes were evaluated for crop residue, especially paddy straw. It was found that using a hydraulic press type fixed baler for full-length paddy straw was the most appropriate method with the lowest energy requirement, highest baling capacity, and volume compaction ratio. For combine harvested paddy, treatment T2 was found to be the most suitable option with the highest field capacity and baling capacity. The outcomes of this research will be helpful for farmers and the aligned industry.