Journal
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
Volume 6, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/srep28742
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Funding
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Leibniz program [RO954/22-1]
- Emmy Noether Research Group [HI1867/1-1, SFB595]
- Bundesministerium fuer Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) [05K13VK1]
- Feodor Lynen Research Fellowship Program of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation
- EU [H2020-MSCA-IF-2014, 655866]
- Australian Research Council [DP150104649, DE120102644, DE150100750, FT140100135]
- Australian Research Council [DE150100750] Funding Source: Australian Research Council
- Marie Curie Actions (MSCA) [655866] Funding Source: Marie Curie Actions (MSCA)
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Coupling of order parameters provides a means to tune functionality in advanced materials including multiferroics, superconductors, and ionic conductors. We demonstrate that the response of a frustrated ferroelectric state leads to coupling between order parameters under electric field depending on grain orientation. The strain of grains oriented along a specific crystallographic direction, < h00 >, is caused by converse piezoelectricity originating from a ferrodistortive tetragonal phase. For < hhh > oriented grains, the strain results from converse piezoelectricity and rotostriction, as indicated by an antiferrodistortive instability that promotes octahedral tilting in a rhombohedral phase. Both strain mechanisms combined lead to a colossal local strain of (2.4 +/- 0.1) % and indicate coupling between oxygen octahedral tilting and polarization, here termed rotopolarization. These findings were confirmed with electromechanical experiments, in situ neutron diffraction, and in situ transmission electron microscopy in 0.75Bi(1/2)Na(1/2)TiO(3)-0.25SrTiO(3). This work demonstrates that polar and non-polar instabilities can cooperate to provide colossal functional responses.
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