Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
Volume 68, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2023.1606030
Keywords
asthma; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Kenya; spirometry; cross-sectional study; epidemiology; pulmonary disease; airway inflammation
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The prevalence of airway disease in Kenya, including asthma, airflow obstruction, and eosinophilic airway inflammation, was determined. The study found that the prevalence of asthma was 21.7%, airflow obstruction was 12.3%, and eosinophilic airway inflammation was 15.7%. Factors such as wheezing or whistling in the last year and SGRQ-C scores were strongly associated with high FeNO levels.
Objectives: Determine the prevalence of airway disease (e.g., asthma, airflow obstruction, and eosinophilic airway inflammation) in Kenya, as well as related correlates of airway disease and health-related quality of life.Methods: A three-stage, cluster-randomized cross-sectional study in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya was conducted. Individuals 12 years and older completed questionnaires (including St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire for COPD, SGRQ-C), spirometry, and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) testing. Prevalence ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Multivariable models were used to assess correlates of airflow obstruction and high FeNO.Results: Three hundred ninety-two participants completed questionnaires, 369 completed FeNO testing, and 305 completed spirometry. Mean age was 37.5 years; 64% were women. The prevalence of asthma, airflow obstruction on spirometry, and eosinophilic airway inflammation was 21.7%, 12.3% and 15.7% respectively in the population. Women had significantly higher SGRQ-C scores compared to men (15.0 vs. 7.7). Wheezing or whistling in the last year and SGRQ-C scores were strongly associated with FeNO levels >50 ppb after adjusting for age, gender, BMI, and tobacco use.Conclusion: Airway disease is a significant health problem in Kenya affecting a young population who lack a significant tobacco use history.
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