Does hydrogen peroxide contribute to the immunity against Malaria induced by whole attenuated plasmodial sporozoites?

Plasmodium sporozoites can block apoptotic pathways within host hepatocytes, ensuring the survival of the parasite. However, attenuated plasmodial sporozoites are unable to prevent apoptosis, which provides many parasite antigens to immune cells. This exposure leads to protection against Malaria in both human and animal models. If these hosts are later inoculated with infectious sporozoites, apoptosis of infected hepatocytes will occur, preventing parasite development. Considering that hydrogen peroxide can induce apoptosis, it is plausible that it plays a role in the mechanisms associated with the protection mediated by attenuated plasmodial spo-rozoites. Based on published results that describe the relationship between Plasmodium , hydrogen peroxide, and apoptosis, a rational explanation can be provided for this hypothesis.

Automated summary

Plasmodium sporozoites can inhibit apoptosis in host hepatocytes, ensuring parasite survival. However, attenuated sporozoites are unable to prevent apoptosis, leading to exposure of parasite antigens to immune cells, thus providing protection against Malaria. This protection mechanism may involve hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis. The hypothesis is supported by the relationship between Plasmodium, hydrogen peroxide, and apoptosis described in published studies.