Journal
ONCOTARGET
Volume 8, Issue 8, Pages 12686-12694Publisher
IMPACT JOURNALS LLC
DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8475
Keywords
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus; vaccine; virus-like particles; nonhuman primates; immune response
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Funding
- open project of The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease in China [2014SKRD-001]
- National Science and Technology Pillar Program during the Twelfth Five-year Plan Period [2013BAD12B04]
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Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) causes severe respiratory disease in humans with a case fatality rate of over 39%, and poses a considerable threat to public health. A lack of approved vaccine or drugs currently constitutes a roadblock in controlling disease outbreak and spread. In this study, we generated MERS-CoV VLPs using the baculovirus expression system. Electron microscopy and immunoelectron microscopy results demonstrate that MERS-CoV VLPs are structurally similar to the native virus. Rhesus macaques inoculated with MERS-CoV VLPs and Alum adjuvant induced virus-neutralizing antibodies titers up to 1: 40 and induced specific IgG antibodies against the receptor binding domain (RBD), with endpoint titers reaching 1:1,280. MERS-CoV VLPs also elicited T-helper 1 cell (Th1)-mediated immunity, as measured by ELISpot. These data demonstrate that MERS-CoV VLPs have excellent immunogenicity in rhesus macaques, and represent a promising vaccine candidate.
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