A histomorphometric assessment of collagen-stabilized anorganic bovine bone mineral in maxillary sinus augmentation a randomized controlled trial in sheep

Objective: To histomorphometrically compare the use of collagen-stabilized anorganic bovine bone (ABBM-C) (test) to anorganic bovine bone autogenous bone (ABBM AB) (control) in maxillary sinus augmentation. Materials and methods: Nine sheep underwent bilateral sinus augmentation. Each sinus was randomized to receive either control or test bone graft. Three animals were sacrificed at 8 weeks, and six animals were sacrificed at 16 weeks post-grafting. The 18 sinuses were processed for histomorphometry, which assessed the area fraction of new bone (%NB), residual graft (%RG) and soft tissue components (% STM), as well as graft particle osseointegration (% 01), within three zones equally distributed from the augmented sinus floor. Results: At week 16, a significant increase in %NB was evident across all three zones in the control group when compared to week 8. A significantly greater %NB was evident in the control group when compared to the test group in zones 2 (P < 0.001) and 3 (P < 0.001). There was a significant increase in %01 in week 16 when compared to week 8 across all three zones in the control group (P 0.001). /001 in the control group was significantly greater across all three zones when compared to the test group at week 16 (P 0.001). Zone was found to be a significant main effect (P 0.001) that was independent of time and treatment with decreasing /001 in distant zones. % RG did not significantly change with time for both groups. There was a significant reduction in /0 ST in week 16 when compared to week 8 across all three zones in the control group (P < 0.001). Ai ST in the test group was significantly greater across all zones when compared to the control group at week 16 (P 0.001). Conclusion: Both groups exhibited very similar histomorphometric measurements in the zones proximal to the resident sinus wall. The % NB and % 01 were greatest in the zones proximal to resident bony walls and gradually decreased as the distance from the proximal walls increased. There was greater % NB and % 01 in the control group when compared to the test group in the distant zone.