Journal
ONCOTARGET
Volume 8, Issue 6, Pages 10675-10691Publisher
IMPACT JOURNALS LLC
DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12893
Keywords
mammary gland stem cells; MaSCs; breast cancer stem cells; BCSCs; therapeutic perspectives
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Funding
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2016YFA0100903]
- Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDB13030400]
- National Science Foundation of China [31371502]
- CAS Light of West China Program
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The mammary gland is an organ comprising two primary lineages, specifically the inner luminal and the outer myoepithelial cell layers. Mammary gland stem cells (MaSCs) are highly dynamic and self-renewing, and can give rise to these mammary gland lineages. The lineages are responsible for gland generation during puberty as well as expansion during pregnancy. In recent years, researchers have focused on understanding how MaSCs are regulated during mammary gland development and transformation of breast cancer. Here, we summarize the identification of MaSCs, and how they are regulated by the signaling transduction pathways, mammary gland microenvironment, and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Moreover, we debate the evidence for their serving as the origin of breast cancer, and discuss the therapeutic perspectives of targeting breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs). In conclusion, a better understanding of the key regulators of MaSCs is crucial for the clinical treatment of breast cancer.
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