Journal
NUTRIENTS
Volume 8, Issue 9, Pages -Publisher
MDPI AG
DOI: 10.3390/nu8090574
Keywords
maternal nutrition; gestational diabetes; Asia; dietary patterns; pregnancy
Categories
Funding
- Singapore National Research Foundation under its Translational and Clinical Research (TCR) Flagship Programme
- New Zealand Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment (MBIE)
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences
- Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR)
- National Institute for Health Research through the NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre
- European Union [289346, 613977]
- MRC [MC_UU_12011/4] Funding Source: UKRI
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Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is associated with an increased risk of perinatal morbidity and long term health issues for both the mother and offspring. Previous research has demonstrated associations between maternal diet and GDM development, but evidence in Asian populations is limited. The objective of our study was to examine the cross-sectional relationship between maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy and the risk of GDM in a multi-ethnic Asian cohort. Maternal diet was ascertained using 24-h dietary recalls from participants in the Growing up in Singapore towards healthy outcomes (GUSTO) studya prospective mother-offspring cohort, and GDM was diagnosed according to 1999 World Health Organisation guidelines. Dietary patterns were identified using factor analysis, and multivariate regression analyses performed to assess the association with GDM. Of 909 participants, 17.6% were diagnosed with GDM. Three dietary patterns were identified: a vegetable-fruit-rice-based-diet, a seafood-noodle-based-diet and a pasta-cheese-processed-meat-diet. After adjusting for confounding variables, the seafood-noodle-based-diet was associated with a lower likelihood of GDM (Odds Ratio (95% Confidence Interval)) = 0.74 (0.59, 0.93). The dietary pattern found to be associated with GDM in our study was substantially different to those reported previously in Western populations.
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