Journal
MATERIALS
Volume 9, Issue 5, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ma9050318
Keywords
titanium; plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO); micro arc oxidation (MAO); copper nitrate; Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM); Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS); X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS)
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Funding
- Student Grant Competition (SGC) project [SP2016/94]
- project of Institute of Clean Technologies for Mining and Utilization of Raw Materials for Energy Use [LO1406]
- project Regional Materials Science and Technology Centre (RMTVC) [LO1203]
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In the paper, the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) results of the surface layer formed on pure titanium after plasma electrolytic oxidation (micro arc oxidation) at the voltage of 450 V are shown. As an electrolyte, the mixture of copper nitrate Cu(NO3)(2) (10-600 g/L) in concentrated phosphoric acid H3PO4 (98 g/mol) was used. The thickness of the obtained porous surface layer equals about 10 mu m, and it consists mainly of titanium phosphates and oxygen with embedded copper ions as a bactericidal agent. The maximum percent of copper in the PEO surface layer was equal to 12.2 +/- 0.7 wt % (7.6 +/- 0.5 at %), which is the best result that the authors obtained. The top surface layer of all obtained plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) coatings consisted most likely mainly of Ti-3(PO4)(4)center dot nH(3)PO(4) and Cu-3(PO4)(2)center dot nH(3)PO(4) with a small addition of CuP2, CuO and Cu2O.
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