Journal
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
Volume 6, Issue 22, Pages -Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201601225
Keywords
P3HT; PCBM; PNDIT; real time X-ray scattering; solution processing
Categories
Funding
- Bridging Research Interactions through collaborative Development Grants in Energy (BRIDGE) program under the SunShot initiative of the Department of Energy program [DE-FOA-0000654-1588]
- Office of Naval Research [N00014-14-1-0142]
- Department of Defense (DoD) through the National Defense Science & Engineering Graduate Fellowship (NDSEG) Program
- National Science Foundation Materials Genome Program [1434799]
- National Research Fund of Luxembourg [6932623]
- Swiss National Science Foundation [P2ELP2_155355]
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-76SF00515]
- Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) [P2ELP2_155355] Funding Source: Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF)
- Division Of Materials Research
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [1434799] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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In this work, the detailed morphology studies of polymer poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT):fullerene(PCBM) and polymer(P3HT):polymer naphthalene diimide thiophene (PNDIT) solar cell are presented to understand the challenge for getting high performance all-polymer solar cells. The in situ X-ray scattering and optical interferometry and ex situ hard and soft X-ray scattering and imaging techniques are used to characterize the bulk heterojunction (BHJ) ink during drying and in dried state. The crystallization of P3HT polymers in P3HT:PCBM bulk heterojunction shows very different behavior compared to that of P3HT:PNDIT BHJ due to different mobilities of P3HT in the donor:acceptor glass. Supplemented by the ex situ grazing incidence X-ray diffraction and soft X-ray scattering, PNDIT has a lower tendency to form a mixed phase with P3HT than PCBM, which may be the key to inhibit the donor polymer crystallization process, thus creating preferred small phase separation between the donor and acceptor polymer.
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