Journal
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
Volume 7, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12911
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Funding
- Multi-Dimensional Directed Nanoscale Assembly Creative Research Initiative (CRI) Center [2015R1A3A2033061]
- Global Frontier Program through Global Frontier Hybrid Interface Materials (GFHIM) of the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning [2013M3A6B1078874]
- NRF grants - MSIP [2008-0061893, 2012M3A7B4035327]
- US Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-12-1-0471]
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2016H1A2A1906663, 2012M3A7B4035327, 2013M3A6B1078874, 2015R1A3A2033061, 2015R1A5A6001948] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
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The refractive index of natural transparent materials is limited to 2-3 throughout the visible wavelength range. Wider controllability of the refractive index is desired for novel optical applications such as nanoimaging and integrated photonics. We report that metamaterials consisting of period and symmetry-tunable self-assembled nanopatterns can provide a controllable refractive index medium for a broad wavelength range, including the visible region. Our approach exploits the independent control of permeability and permittivity with nanoscale objects smaller than the skin depth. The precise manipulation of the interobject distance in block copolymer nanopatterns via pattern shrinkage increased the effective refractive index up to 5.10. The effective refractive index remains above 3.0 over more than 1,000 nm wavelength bandwidth. Spatially graded and anisotropic refractive indices are also obtained with the design of transitional and rotational symmetry modification.
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